Social Influences on Early Adult Stress Biomarkers

描述（由申请人提供）：我们项目的目标是进行社会背景，压力和健康的人口水平的调查。我们将压力的多种生物标志物与来自社会和行为科学的当前理论和测量工具相结合，以更好地了解社会环境如何“深入皮肤”影响年轻人的压力和健康。我们使用的数据来自全国青少年健康纵向研究的四个阶段（添加健康）追求三个目标：1）检查压力的多个主观和生理指标之间的相互关系; 2）调查儿童/青少年时期和过渡到成年期的社会经济地位，邻里质量和人际关系的措施如何影响成年早期的压力; 3）检验社会经济地位、邻里质量和人际关系对压力的联合影响的竞争理论模型。我们研究了压力的主观测量，包括感知压力，抑郁症状和焦虑症状，以及内分泌，心血管，代谢，免疫和炎症活动的生理测量。我们利用Add Health数据集的广度和深度，对社会压力如何影响身心健康进行了迄今为止最全面的调查。此外，Add Health的大样本量和种族，民族和经济多样性使我们能够调查压力导致健康差异的程度。压力是发病率和死亡率的主要因素，调查社会环境影响人类健康的生理机制可以帮助调查人员，临床医生和政策制定者：a）识别不良的心理社会环境; B）更好地了解疾病前和疾病途径;以及c）提供干预措施以减少对压力源的暴露，减少压力源对生理的不利影响，并防止出现与压力有关的疾病。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The goal of our project is to conduct a population-level investigation of social contexts, stress, and health. We integrate multiple biomarkers of stress with current theory and measurement tools from the social and behavioral sciences to gain a better understanding of how social contexts "get under the skin" to affect stress and health in young adults. We use data from four waves of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (Add Health) in pursuit of three objectives: 1) Examine the interrelations among multiple subjective and physiological measures of stress; 2) Investigate how measures of socio-economic status, neighborhood quality, and interpersonal relationships in childhood/adolescence and over the transition to adulthood influence stress in early adulthood; and 3) Test competing theoretical models of the joint influence of socio- economic status, neighborhood quality, and interpersonal relationships on stress. We examine subjective measures of stress, including perceived stress, symptoms of depression, and symptoms of anxiety, as well as physiological measures of endocrine, cardiovascular, metabolic, immune, and inflammatory activity. We take advantage of the breadth and depth of the Add Health dataset to conduct the most comprehensive investigation to date of how social stress affects physical and mental health. Additionally, the large sample size and racial, ethnic, and economic diversity of Add Health allow us to investigate the extent to which stress leads to health disparities. Stress is a major contributor to morbidity and mortality, and investigating the physiological mechanisms through which social contexts affect human health can help investigators, clinicians, and policy makers to: a) identify adverse psychosocial environments; b) better understand predisease and disease pathways; and c) inform interventions to reduce exposure to stressors, reduce the adverse impact of stressors on physiology, and prevent the emergence of stress-related disorders.