WORD AND SHAPE SENSITIVITY IN OCCIPITO-TEMPORAL CORTEX OF ADULTS AND CHILDREN

这个子项目是许多研究子项目中的一个 由NIH/NCRR资助的中心赠款提供的资源。子项目和 研究者（PI）可能从另一个NIH来源获得主要资金， 因此可以在其他CRISP条目中表示。所列机构为 中心，不一定是研究者的机构。 引言：有效地提取形状信息对于熟练的阅读是必不可少的。一个激烈的争论涉及的问题：是否有一个专门的系统处理视觉文字形式？我们从两个方面研究这个问题：（a）将儿童的文字处理功能磁共振成像信号与阅读技能相关联。(b)比较单词和其他形状（如线条画和假字体）的fMRI可见性曲线。我们的分析集中在枕颞沟（OTS），这是一个假设专门用于视觉单词形式的区域（Cohen等人，2000年）。 研究方法：9名成年人（年龄23-53岁）和50名儿童（年龄7-12岁）参加了四次测试，包括神经心理评估（仅儿童），高分辨率MRI，DTI和功能MRI扫描。MRI扫描在斯坦福大学的卢卡斯中心进行。在功能磁共振成像中，我们呈现了被相位干扰噪声掩盖的视觉单词，而受试者则参与了注视判断任务。噪声水平被参数化操纵，产生4个激活条件，与固定块交错。成年人也提出了线条画和错误的字体字符串在不同的会议使用相同的范式。使用3 T signa GE扫描仪采集功能数据，螺旋采集。26个倾斜切片（3x 3x 3 mm），TR=2000。

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. Introduction: Efficient extraction of shape information is essential for proficient reading. A heated debate concerns the question: is there a specialized system for processing visual word forms? We study this topic in two ways: (a) correlating fMRI signals for word processing with reading skills in children. (b) comparing fMRI visibility curves for words and other shapes such as line drawings and false fonts. Our analysis focuses on the occipito-temporal sulcus (OTS), a region hypothesized to specialize in visual word forms (Cohen et al., 2000). Methods: Nine adults (ages 23-53) and fifty children (ages 7-12) participated in four testing sessions, including neuropsychological assessment (children only), high resolution MRI, DTI and functional MRI scans. MRI scans were performed in the Lucas Center at Stanford University. In fMRI we presented visual words masked by phase-scrambled noise, while subjects were engaged in a fixation judgment task. Noise level was manipulated parametrically, resulting in 4 activation conditions, which were interleaved with fixation blocks. Adults were also presented with line drawings and false font strings in different sessions using the same paradigm. Functional data were acquired using a 3T signa GE scanner, with spiral acquisition. 26 oblique slices (3x3x3 mm), TR=2000.