THE NEURAL RESPONSE TO SLEEP LOSS IN THE ELDERLY

这个子项目是许多利用 由NIH/NCRR资助的中心赠款提供的资源。子项目和 研究者（PI）可能从另一个NIH来源获得了主要资金， 因此可以在其他CRISP条目中表示。所列机构为 研究中心，而研究中心不一定是研究者所在的机构。 睡眠剥夺在成年人中很常见，睡眠剥夺的影响已经通过认知表现和神经心理学测试进行了研究。 研究表明，认知能力会因睡眠不足而下降。 为了确定为什么认知能力在睡眠剥夺期间下降，必须解决睡眠剥夺大脑中神经元放电和血流变化的问题。 功能性磁共振成像（fMRI）是一种可用于通过血氧水平依赖方法（BOLD）测量睡眠剥夺大脑中血流变化的工具，并且可以在各种认知性能测试期间进行。 该项目的总体目标是利用功能磁共振成像和认知测试来了解年轻人和老年人的大脑如何对睡眠剥夺做出反应。 据推测，老年人在36小时的睡眠剥夺后，通过功能磁共振成像测量，在工作记忆相关和视觉空间任务中招募前额叶皮质比年轻人更困难。 这些研究的结果将深入了解大脑如何对睡眠剥夺做出反应的机制，为什么认知表现会对睡眠剥夺做出反应，以及衰老如何改变这些机制。 该提议的具体目的是：1）测试以下假设：睡眠剥夺的大脑在某些认知任务期间通过增加流向与执行这些任务最相关的大脑区域的血流量来进行补偿，2）测试以下假设：随着年龄的增长，认知性能响应于睡眠剥夺而更快地下降，以及3）测试以下假设：在睡眠剥夺状态期间，与年轻受试者相比，在衰老中皮质激活将发生变化，导致在认知测试期间流向某些脑区域的血流量减少。 4)定位易受睡眠剥夺影响的大脑皮层区域5）确定年轻和老年受试者在36小时睡眠剥夺后的睡眠恢复。

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. Sleep deprivation is common among the adult population, and the effects of sleep deprivation have been studied using cognitive performance and neuropsychological testing. It has been shown that cognitive performance declines in response to sleep deprivation. In order to determine why cognitive performance declines during sleep deprivation, it must be addressed as to how neuronal firing and blood flow changes in the sleep deprived brain. Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) is one tool available to measure blood flow changes via the Blood Oxygenation Level Dependent method (BOLD) in the sleep deprived brain and can be conducted during various cognitive performance tests. The overall goal of this project is to understand how the brain responds to sleep deprivation in younger and older adults using fMRI and cognitive testing. It is hypothesized that older adults will have more difficulty than younger adults in recruiting the prefrontal cortex in working memory-related and visual-spatial tasks after 36 hours of sleep deprivation as measured by the fMRI. Results from these studies will provide insight into the mechanisms underlying how the brain responds to sleep deprivation, why cognitive performance changes in response to sleep deprivation, and how aging alters these mechanisms. The specific aims of this proposal are 1) to test the hypothesis that the sleep deprived brain compensates during certain cognitive tasks by increasing blood flow to the regions of the brain most involved in performing those tasks, 2) to test the hypothesis that in aging cognitive performance declines more rapidly in response to sleep deprivation, and 3) to test the hypothesis that in aging there will be a change in cortical activation compared to younger subjects during a sleep-deprived state, resulting in less blood flow to certain brain regions during cognitive testing. 4) to localize cerebral cortical areas that are susceptible to sleep deprivation 5) to determine sleep recovery following 36 hours of sleep deprivation in young and older subjects.