How Emotion Affects Memory for Detail: Behavioral and Neuroimaging Investigations

描述(由申请人提供)：认知神经科学研究极大地促进了我们对认知和神经过程的理解，这些过程是成功编码和检索信息的基础。然而，这项研究的大部分都是在故意选择的刺激下进行的，目的是不引起任何情绪反应。但在我们的日常生活中，许多经历都注入了情感上的重要性和个人上的意义：我们从同事那里得到称赞，或者我们目睹了一场车祸。在这项申请中提出的研究的广泛目标是检查信息的情感内容如何影响记忆形成过程中的认知和神经过程。人们常常声称能非常详细地记住情绪化事件。例如，几乎每个人都声称记得细节，比如肯尼迪被枪杀时他们在哪里，正在做什么(Winograd&Killinger，1983)。然而，关于这些主观报告是否符合情感长期记忆的客观准确性，一直存在广泛的争论。这项拟议的研究将研究情绪对记忆准确性(特定目标1)的影响，并通过行为测试和神经成像(功能磁共振成像)方法的结合，检查构成我们对与情绪相关的信息的记忆的认知(特定目标2)和神经(特定目标3)过程。公共卫生相关性：通过解决有关情绪对记忆的影响的核心问题，拟议的研究将提供对记忆形成如何在日常生活的情绪环境中发生的洞察。这些知识可能提供对情感障碍中观察到的记忆障碍和偏见的洞察，如抑郁、焦虑或创伤后应激障碍。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Cognitive neuroscience research has greatly advanced our understanding of the cognitive and neural processes that underlie the successful encoding and retrieval of information. The bulk of this research, however, has been conducted with stimuli intentionally chosen to elicit no emotional responses. But in our daily lives, many experiences are infused with emotional importance and personal significance: We receive a compliment from a coworker, or we witness a car crash. The broad goal of the research proposed in this application is to examine how the emotional content of information affects the cognitive and neural processes engaged during memory formation. Individuals often claim to remember emotional events with tremendous detail. For example, nearly everyone claims to remember details such as where they were and what they were doing when J.F.K. was shot (Winograd & Killinger, 1983). There has been extensive debate, however, about whether these subjective reports correspond with the objective accuracy of emotional long-term memories. The proposed research will examine the effects of emotion on memory accuracy (Specific Aim 1) and, through a combination of behavioral testing and neuroimaging (functional magnetic resonance imaging) approaches will examine the cognitive (Specific Aim 2) and neural (Specific Aim 3) processes that underlie our memories for information with emotional relevance. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: By addressing core questions with regard to emotion's effect on memory, the proposed research will provide insight into how memory formation occurs within the emotional context of everyday life. This knowledge is likely to provide insight into the memory disorders and biases observed in affective disorders, such as depression, anxiety, or Post Traumatic Stress Disorder.