SMOKING AND AROUSAL

这个子项目是许多研究子项目中利用 资源由NIH/NCRR资助的中心拨款提供。子项目和 调查员(PI)可能从NIH的另一个来源获得了主要资金， 并因此可以在其他清晰的条目中表示。列出的机构是 该中心不一定是调查人员的机构。 先前的研究已经报道，在自然主义和实验室环境中，压力都会增加吸烟的主观欲望和吸烟行为。在这项研究中，我们调查了40名男性和40名女性吸烟者的急性社会压力对吸烟的影响。我们研究了禁食18小时以及临时吸烟后的这些影响。具体地说，我们将调查a)一支香烟的主观影响，以及b)吸烟的数量。我们假设，压力会降低吸烟后的满意度，并增加临时吸烟期吸烟的数量。我们进一步假设，这些影响在女性中比在男性中更大，并且在戒烟条件下比临时吸烟条件下更大。我们还将研究应激反应与遗传因素的关系。受试者被随机分配到临时戒烟组(N=40)或戒烟组(N=40)，并参加两个疗程。在一个疗程中，他们接受了一项非常有压力的任务(Trier Social Stress Test，简称TSST)，然后是100分钟的吸烟期。在另一阶段，他们在100分钟的吸烟期之前放松20分钟。在吸烟期间，受试者有10次机会抽普通牌子的半长香烟，或获得他们认为香烟对他们有价值的(预先确定的)等值金钱(代币)。主要的结果指标将是90分钟内吸烟的数量和一氧化碳的增加。我们假设，受试者在压力过后会吸烟更多，而且这种影响在女性和禁欲后会更加明显。情绪问卷(VAS、POMS)也被用来测量压力的主观影响。

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. Previous studies have reported that stress increases both subjective desire to smoke and cigarette smoking behavior in both naturalistic and laboratory settings. In this study we investigate the effects of acute social stress on cigarette smoking in 40 male and 40 female smokers. We examine these effects after 18h abstinence as well as after ad-lib smoking. Specifically, we will investigate a) the subjective effects of a single cigarette and, b) the number of cigarettes smoked. We hypothesize that stress will decrease ratings of satisfaction after smoking and increase the number of cigarettes smoked in an ad-lib smoking period. We further hypothesize that these effects will be greater in women than in men, and in the abstinent condition compared to the ad-lib smoking condition. We will also examine the relationship of stress responses and genetic factors. Subjects are randomly assigned to the ad-lib (N=40) or smoking abstinence condition (N=40), and participate in two sessions. On one session, they undergo an acutely stressful task (the Trier Social Stress Test, or TSST), followed by a 100 min smoking period. During the other session, they relax for 20 minutes before the 100 min smoking period. During the smoking period, subjects have 10 opportunities to either smoke half-length cigarettes of their normal brand or receive the (predetermined) equivalent amount of money (in tokens) that they feel the cigarette is worth to them. The primary outcome measures will be number of cigarettes smoked in the 90 min period, and CO boost. We hypothesize that subjects will smoke more after stress, and that this effect will be more pronounced in women and after abstinence. Mood questionnaires (VAS, POMS) are also given to measure the subjective effects of stress.