DETERMINANTS OF DRUG PREFERENCE STUDY 1

这个子项目是许多研究子项目中利用 资源由NIH/NCRR资助的中心拨款提供。子项目和 调查员(PI)可能从NIH的另一个来源获得了主要资金， 并因此可以在其他清晰的条目中表示。列出的机构是 该中心不一定是调查人员的机构。 先前的研究表明，压力对男性和女性的影响不同，这取决于女性的卵巢激素水平，而且吸烟者和不吸烟者的影响也不同(Kirschbaum等人，1999)。在这项研究中，我们将描述急性应激后果的时间进程，包括主观状态(例如，焦虑或刺激增加)、生理体征(心率和血压)以及血浆激素水平(皮质醇、促肾上腺皮质激素、别孕酮)的变化。我们还将研究应激反应与遗传因素的关系。 四组受试者将参加测试：20名健康的不吸烟男性，20名健康的男性吸烟者，20名不吸烟的女性在卵泡期接受测试，20名不吸烟女性在黄体期接受测试。这个拟议的设计将允许我们在周期的两个阶段比较吸烟者和不吸烟者，男性和女性，以及女性。每个受试者将按随机顺序参加两次会议，一次有压力，另一次没有压力。在接受TSST之前、期间以及在接受TSST后的120分钟内定期进行主观和生理测量，以表征对急性应激反应的时间进程。这项描述性研究的结果将指导后续研究。

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. Previous research suggests that the effects of stress differ in men and women, that they depend on ovarian hormone levels in women, and that they differ in smokers and non-smokers (Kirschbaum et al, 1999). In this study, we will characterize the time course of the consequences of acute stress, including changes in subjective state (e.g., increased anxiety or stimulation), physiological signs (heart rate and blood pressure), and plasma hormone levels (cortisol, ACTH, allopregnanolone). We will also examine the relationship of stress responses and genetic factors. Four groups of subjects will participate: 20 healthy non-smoking males, 20 healthy male cigarette smokers, 20 non-smoking women tested during the follicular phase and 20 non-smoking women tested during the luteal phase of their cycle. This proposed design will allow us to compare smokers and nonsmokers, men and women, and women during two phases of the cycle. Each subject will participate in two sessions, one with stress and the other without stress, in randomized order. Subjective and physiological measures will be obtained before, during and at regular intervals for 120 min after undergoing the TSST to characterize the time course of responses to acute stress. The results of this descriptive study will guide subsequent studies.