THE BREAST AND OVARIAN SURVEILLANCE SERVICE (BOSS) COHORT STUDY

这个子项目是许多研究子项目中利用 资源由NIH/NCRR资助的中心拨款提供。子项目和 调查员(PI)可能从NIH的另一个来源获得了主要资金， 并因此可以在其他清晰的条目中表示。列出的机构是 该中心不一定是调查人员的机构。 这项研究的主要目的是建立一个有乳腺癌家族史的妇女队列，以促进早期检测技术从实验室转化到临床环境。总人口中有20%的女性有阳性乳腺癌家族史(1)。癌症风险增加的女性在以人口为基础的队列中没有很好的代表性。特别是在这些家庭中，早期发现和预防战略的管理选择极为有限。 这一队列将为我们提供一个平台，利用病例对照设计检查新的遗传、分子和环境标记/暴露与乳腺癌增加和乳房密度增加等因素之间的关联。从长远来看，我们还将能够衡量与预后相关的因素。 人们对乳房密度的病因知之甚少，乳房密度在有乳腺癌家族史的女性中很常见，是一个可改变的危险因素(2-5)。即使没有因果关系，乳房密度的降低也可以提高乳房X光检查早期乳房病变的敏感度，这本身就是一个有用的目标。目前，它被用作第二阶段化学预防研究的中间终点。 这一队列研究的结果可能有助于我们确定与家族病史一起可能改变女性乳房密度增加和乳腺癌风险的因素。然后，被认为是致病途径中的因素可能会成为预防性药物的靶点。 这项研究的第二个目的是收集有卵巢癌家族史的妇女的血液和危险因素信息，以便将来进行研究。这些妇女中的一些人还会有乳腺癌的家族史，并来到高危诊所就诊。因此，这是我们为少数妇女建立血清库的机会，这些妇女也需要更好的预测标记物以及早期发现和预防策略。

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. The primary aim of this study is to establish a cohort of women with a family history of breast cancer so as to facilitate the translation of early detection techniques from the lab to the clinical setting. Twenty percent of women in the general population have a positive family history of breast cancer(1). Women at an increased risk of cancer are not well represented in population-based cohorts. The management options for both early detection and preventive strategies particularly in these families are extremely limited. This cohort would provide us with a platform to examine the association between novel genetic, molecular, and environmental markers/exposures, and both increased breast cancer and factors such as increased breast density that may be in the breast causal pathway using a case-control design (2). Over the long term we will be able to also measure factors associated with prognosis. Little is known about the etiology of breast density, which is prevalent in women with a family history of breast cancer and is a modifiable risk factor (2-5). Even if it is not causally linked, a decrease in breast density can increase the sensitivity of mammographic detection of early breast lesions, a useful goal in itself. Currently it is being used as an intermediate endpoint in phase II chemoprevention studies. Results from studies arising from this cohort may assist us in identifying factors that along with family history may modify a women risk of increased breast density and breast cancer. Factors that are thought to be in the causal pathway may then be able to be targeted with preventive agents. A secondary aim of this study is to collect blood and risk factor information on women with a family history of ovarian cancer for future studies. Some of these women will also have a family history of breast cancer and come to the high-risk clinic. Therefore, this is an opportunity for us to establish a serum bank in a rare group of women who are also in need of better predictive markers as well as early detection and preventive strategies.