An electrochemical adenosine sensor for in vivo applications

描述（申请人提供）：腺苷是大脑中重要的调节剂，调节脑血流量和神经传递，在中风等病理条件下具有神经保护作用。这四种腺苷受体具有一系列的亲和力和作用。可与这些受体结合和激活的腺苷浓度控制着对腺苷的生理反应。因此，需要快速监测腺苷浓度，以了解腺苷的神经调节作用的时间过程。本研究的目的是开发一种快速监测体内腺苷浓度的传感器。该传感器将允许在生理和病理条件下激活受体的实时腺苷浓度谱的理解。我们计划通过开发以下目标来实现这些目标：(1)开发作为腺苷传感器的碳纤维微电极，(2)开发碳纳米管修饰的腺苷传感器，以及(3)体内受刺激腺苷释放的表征。这种传感器将允许首次测量腺苷在大脑中的快速调节作用，并导致对神经调节动力学的更好理解。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Adenosine is an important modulator in the brain that regulates cerebral blood flow and neurotransmission and is neuroprotective during pathological conditions such as stroke. The four adenosine receptors have a range of affinities and effects. The concentration of adenosine available to bind to and activate these receptors controls the physiological response to adenosine. Therefore, rapid monitoring of adenosine concentrations is required to understand the time course of the neuromodulatory effects of adenosine. The objective of this proposal is to develop a rapid sensor for monitoring adenosine concentrations in vivo. This sensor will allow an understanding of the real-time concentration profile of adenosine available to activate receptors under physiological and pathological conditions. We plan to carry out these objectives by developing the following aims: (1) Development of carbon-fiber microelectrodes as sensors for adenosine, (2) Development of carbon nanotube-modified sensors for adenosine, and (3) Characterization of stimulated adenosine release in vivo. This sensor will allow the first measurements of rapid modulatory effects of adenosine in the brain and lead to a greater understanding of the dynamics of neuromodulation. This research will lead to a better understanding of the basic neurobiology of how adenosine modulates neurotransmission. The sensor we develop could be used to study how adenosine modulates dopamine release, leading to new treatments for Parkinson disease. The sensor could also be utilized to study the effects of drugs that regulate endogenous adenosine concentrations, which are proposed neuroprotective treatments for traumatic brain injury, seizures, and stroke.