Alcohol Use in College Students:Cognition and fMRI

描述（由申请人提供）：青少年，尤其是大学生，饮酒问题的风险很高，但其对大脑发育和功能的长期影响尚未得到很好的研究。在这项为期5年的研究中，研究者将从CT两所不同的地方大学中招募2000名18-21岁的一年级学生（50%为男性）；中康涅狄格州立大学和三一学院。所有的学生都将在各自的校园里接受一系列全面的认知任务，其中一些人在综合风险模型的背景下评估饮酒问题的风险，另一些人则被认为对青少年酒精滥用的影响很敏感。还将对所有参与者进行评估，包括测量当前和过去使用酒精和药物的数量和模式、使用后果（如情绪改变、酒后驾车）和药物使用家族史的工具。学术成绩和SAT/ACT成绩将被记录。样本将根据酒精使用模式分层，来自使用四分位的总共300名代表性成员（来自最严重的四分位，特别是酗酒模式使用者）将在Olin神经精神病学研究中心接受4种功能MRI （fMRI）范式的额外详细评估，评估a.海马完整性（虚拟迷宫空间记忆任务），b.工作记忆回路（改进的Sternberg范式），c.奖励预期（金钱激励延迟任务）和d.抑制强效前刺激的能力（Go/No-Go任务），外加结构MRI和尿液毒理学测试。每个月，所有参与者将完成基于网络的酒精和药物使用量和模式、情绪、生活事件、压力和不良后果的评分。初始测试后两年，所有可用的参与者（~90%）将重复初始认知测试（使用替代测试表格）和详细的物质使用测量。在最初的300名fMRI参与者中，约85%的人愿意重复成像范式。3个总体目标是确定持续酒精和药物滥用的初步预测因素，发现酒精和药物相关的脑功能损伤和认知问题的早期证据，并确定特定饮酒模式，特别是暴饮暴食，是否与2年评估期间的认知能力下降最相关。作为该项目的一部分，我们将测试大脑结构和功能如何解释风险与酒精/物质使用结果之间的关键关系的理论模型，结合使用数据融合的高度新颖的措施，以便更好地实现总体目标。私家侦探及其合作者在该项目中使用的任务和程序方面具有丰富的经验，包括基于网络的酒精使用跟踪。公共卫生相关性：美国大学生饮酒问题的风险很高。该项目将从康涅狄格州当地大学招募并测试2000名一年级学生的认知能力，fMRI扫描具有代表性的子样本，并在2年内通过网络报告评估酒精和药物使用情况，所有学生将重新测试/重新扫描。这项研究的发现将为饮酒问题的风险因素以及酒精使用如何影响青少年大脑发育提供重要的见解。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Adolescents, especially college students, are at high risk for problem drinking, but the resulting long term consequences on brain development and function are not well studied. In this 5-year proposal, the investigators will recruit a total of 2000 18-21 year old first-year students (50% male) from 2 demographically distinct local colleges in CT; Central Connecticut State University and Trinity College. All students will be characterized at baseline at their respective campuses on a comprehensive battery of cognitive tasks, some assessing risk for problem drinking in the context of an integrative risk model and others previously identified as being sensitive to effects of alcohol abuse in adolescents. All participants will also be assessed on instruments measuring amount and patterns of current and past alcohol and drug use, consequences of use (eg mood alteration, DWI), and family history of substance use. Academic grades and SAT/ACT scores will be recorded. The sample will be stratified by alcohol use patterns and a total of 300 representative members derived from use quartiles (over-represented from the heaviest quartile, especially binge-pattern users) will undergo additional detailed assessment at the Olin Neuropsychiatry Research Center on 4 functional MRI (fMRI) paradigms assessing a. hippocampal integrity (a virtual maze spatial memory task), b. working memory circuitry (a modified Sternberg paradigm), c. reward anticipation (a monetary incentive delay task) and d. ability to inhibit a pre-potent stimulus (a Go/No-Go task), plus structural MRI and urine toxicology testing. Monthly, all participants will complete web-based ratings of alcohol and drug use amounts and patterns, mood, life events, stress and adverse consequences of use. Two years post initial testing, all available participants (~90%) will repeat the initial cognitive test battery (using alternate test forms) and detailed substance use measures. Of the 300 initial fMRI participants, the ~85% available and willing will repeat the imaging paradigms. The 3 overarching aims are to identify initial predictors of persisting alcohol and drug abuse, to detect early evidence of alcohol and drug-related impairment of brain function & cognitive problems and to determine whether particular patterns of drinking, especially binging, are most associated with cognitive decline over the 2 yrs of assessment. As part of the project we will test a theoretical model of how brain structure and function explain key relationships between risk and alcohol/substance use outcome, incorporating highly novel measures using data fusion, in order to better accomplish the overall goals. The PI and his collaborators have extensive experience with the tasks and procedures used in this Project, including web-based tracking of alcohol use. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: US college students are at high risk for problem drinking. This project will recruit and test cognitively 2000 first-year students from local colleges in Connecticut, fMRI scan a representative sub-sample and assess alcohol and drug use by web-based reporting over 2 years, when all students will be retested/rescanned. Findings from this study will provide important insights on risk factors for problem drinking and how alcohol use impacts the developing adolescent brain.