Development and Use of rtfMRI for Self-control of Nicotine Craving

项目摘要摘要 该方案旨在研究实时功能磁共振成像的应用 (RtfMRI)作为治疗物质使用障碍的操作员训练反馈机制。近期 数据表明，个体可以减少某些脑区的活动(例如，前扣带回皮质， 当他们被呈现关于大脑激活信息时，前脑岛，听觉皮质 区域。从吻部反馈rtfmri信号可以减少实验和临床疼痛。 前扣带回与血液氧合水平的降低成正比 (粗体)来自该地区的信号。这些区域与参与物质效应的区域重叠。 滥用和物质使用障碍(SUDS)的发展。初始信息将打开 应用神经反馈改善患者样本治疗结果的可能性。现在 申请旨在扩大对这些过程的调查，并验证它们对 物质依赖型志愿者。在最初的研究中，我们将检查尼古丁依赖的能力 志愿者减少他们对香烟的渴望。选择这种物质是因为它的保留率很高。 一般人口的发病率、流行率和公共卫生负担，但预计未来 研究将探索其他形式的成瘾(例如可卡因、鸦片类药物)。我们的多学科团队 建议通过以下方式推进这一领域的现有知识：(1)使用不是来自单一大脑区域的数据， 而是来自参与尼古丁渴求和依赖的网络，从而解释了 尼古丁渴求时大脑区域激活模式的个体差异；(2)发展为 用动脉自旋标记(ASL)定量的方法；(3)测定 个人对这些过程的期望(例如，评估这些影响的程度 归因于与安慰剂相关的反应)。它的发展和实验要素 建议将导致新的治疗途径，很容易推广到其他形式的 除尼古丁外，吸毒成瘾，并可能对相当数量的人的结果产生影响 寻求药物滥用治疗的个人。

Project Summary Abstract This proposal aims to study the application of functional magnetic resonance imaging in real time (rtfMRI) as an operant training feedback mechanism for treating substance use disorders. Recent data suggest that individuals can reduce activity in some brain regions (e.g. anterior cingulate cortex, anterior insula, auditory cortex when they are presented with information about activation in that brain region. Experimental and clinical pain have been reduced with rtfMRI signal feedback from the rostral anterior cingulate in a manner proportional to reductions in the blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) signal from that region. These regions overlap with those involved in the effets of substances of abuse and the development of substance use disorders (SUDs). The initial information opens the possibility of applying neurofeedback to improve treatment outcomes in patient samples. The present application seeks to expand the investigation of these processes and validate their applicability to substance dependent volunteers. In initial studies we will examine the capacity of nicotine dependent volunteers to reduce their craving for cigarettes. This substance was selected for its high retention rates and prevalence and public health burden in the general population, but it is expected that future studies would explore other forms of addiction (e.g. cocaine, opiates). Our multidisciplinary team proposes to advance current knowledge in this area by: (1) using data not from a single brain region, but from networks involved in nicotine craving and dependence, thereby accounting for inter- individual differences in brain regional activation patterns during nicotine craving; (2) developing a quantifiable method by using arterial spin labeling (ASL); and (3) determining the influence of individual expectations on these processes (e.g. assessing the degree to which these effects are attributable to placebo-related responding). The developmental and experimental elements of this proposal will lead to new avenues for treatment that would be readily generalizable to other forms of drug addiction besides nicotine, and potentially impacting on the outcomes of the substantial numbers of individuals seeking substance abuse treatment.