The Role of Frontal and Temporal Brain Areas in the Perception of Phonetic Category Structure

7.项目摘要/摘要 虽然近年来在描述神经细胞方面取得了重大进展 负责将语音信号映射到意义的系统，其作用是 这一过程中的额叶下部结构仍然知之甚少。海流 该项目旨在研究左额下回发挥作用的假设 处理语音的主动角色，以便将它们映射到意义。第一, 我们认为在语音条件下累及左侧额下回。 竞争就像语音映射到意义上。第二，我们调查了 额叶下部在内隐和内隐两种语言类别习得中的作用 明确的训练范例。这些问题将通过功能 未受损个体的神经成像(FMRI)研究及其负性行为 对额叶或颞叶大脑结构受损的失语症患者的研究。 行为测量包括使用眼球跟踪测量，这允许 收集在线的、隐含的对语音类别变化的敏感度测量。 这些研究的结果将完善现有的语音神经基础模型 感知力。通过这个项目获得的知识将更好地描述 额叶和额叶失语症患者言语处理水平的损害 临时性损伤。这些知识，再加上对 失语症患者学习新的语音敏感度的能力，可以用来通知 额叶和颞叶损伤的失语症患者的康复策略。

7. Project Summary / Abstract While significant progress has been made in recent years in describing the neural systems that are responsible for mapping the speech signal to meaning, the role of inferior frontal brain structures in this process remains poorly understood. The current project is designed to investigate the hypothesis that the left inferior frontal gyrus plays an active role processing the sounds of speech in order to map them to meaning. First, we suggest that the left inferior frontal gyrus is implicated under conditions of phonetic competition as speech sounds are mapped to meaning. Second, we investigate the role of inferior frontal regions in the acquisition of new speech categories in both implicit and explicit training paradigms. These questions will be addressed via functional neuroimaging (fMRI) studies of unimpaired individuals together with yoked behavioral studies of aphasic individuals with lesions in either frontal or temporal brain structures. Behavioral measures include the use of eye-tracking measures which allow for the collection of online, implicit measures of sensitivity to phonetic category variability. Results of these studies will refine existing models of the neural underpinnings of speech perception. The knowledge gained as a result of this project will better characterize impairments at the level of speech processing in aphasic individuals with frontal and temporal damage. This knowledge, together, with an enhanced understanding of the capacity of aphasics to learn new speech sound sensitivities, may be used to inform rehabilitative strategies for aphasics with frontal and temporal damage.