Healthy Eating and Lifestyle Program for Individuals with Intellectual Disability

将有身份证的个人从机构转移到社区环境增加了他们自决的机会，并提供了一个限制较少的环境。然而，在拥有ID的个人和他们的护理提供者中，从事健康生活方式的知识、动机和有效性往往都很低。社区和居民区的生活安排往往使选择健康的饮食和参加体育活动变得困难。在集体生活的情况下，很容易为所有居民提供相同的食物和份量。护理提供者经常在没有大多数居民参与的情况下决定膳食内容。此外，研究表明，拥有身份证的成年人的父母在限制获得不健康食品和鼓励健康活动模式方面缺乏信息和支持。 经济和交通问题也使有ID的个人很难参加基于社区的体育活动计划。因此，患有ID的人往往能量密度低，往往不活跃；他们经历的肥胖率高于普通人群，这导致了与健康相关的问题的高患病率，包括癌症、糖尿病、高血压和心血管疾病。针对这一人群的特定背景和学习需求，迫切需要制定健康的生活方式计划。 拟议的项目HELP-ID；(个人健康饮食和生活方式计划) 与ID，将使用最好的行为减肥计划，同时纳入创新的，但基于研究的方法，专门为这一人群的需求而设计。在社会认知理论(SCT)的指导下，HELP-ID是一个引人入胜的多媒体程序，向患有ID的个人及其护理人员提供有关营养、易于实施和成本效益高的饮食计划的信息，以及一种生活方式身体活动计划。在第一阶段，我们将开发一个HELP-ID的原型，并成功地建立该计划的可行性。第二阶段研究的主要目标将是为患有智障的超重和肥胖成年人全面发展全面的健康饮食和生活方式计划，并在一项随机对照试验中评估其效果，这些成年人是患有智障的超重/肥胖成年人，他们住在家里、寄养家庭、集体之家或有支持的独立家庭，以及他们的护理提供者。

The move for individuals with ID from institutional to community settings has increased their opportunities for self-determination and provided a less restrictive environment. However, knowledge, motivation, and efficacy to engage in a healthy lifestyle tend to be low in both individuals who have ID and their care providers. Community and residential living arrangements often make choosing a healthy diet and participating in physical activity difficult. In group living situations, it is easy to serve the same foods and portion sizes to all residents. Care providers frequently decide on meal content without input from the majority of the residents. Moreover, studies show that parents of adults who have ID lack information and support in limiting access to unhealthy foods and encouraging healthy activity patterns. Financial and transportation issues also make it difficult for individuals with ID to participate in community-based physical activity programs. As a result, individuals who have ID often have poor energy dense diets and tend to be inactive; they experience rates of obesity greater than the general population which contributes to a high prevalence of health related problems, including cancer, diabetes, hypertension, and cardiovascular diseases. There is a compelling need for healthy lifestyle programs targeted to the specific context and learning needs of this population. The proposed project HELP-ID; (Healthy Eating and Lifestyle Program for Individuals) With ID, will use the best of the behavioral weight loss programs while incorporating an innovative, yet research-based approach specifically designed for the needs of this population. Guided by Social Cognitive Theory (SCT), HELP-ID is an engaging multimedia program that delivers information on nutrition, easy to implement and cost effective meal planning ideas, and a lifestyle physical activity program to individuals with ID and their care providers. In Phase I, we will develop a prototype of Help-ID and successfully established feasibility of the program. The primary aims of the Phase II study will be to fully develop the comprehensive healthy eating and lifestyle program for overweight and obese adults with ID and evaluate its efficacy in a randomized-controlled trial with overweight/obese adults who have ID and who live at home, in foster homes, in group homes, or independently with supports, and their care providers.