Flow Cytometric Evaluation of Biomarkers

临床定量流式细胞术是一种利用专门的抗体染色技术和荧光标准来定量检测与样本中不同细胞群结合的抗体的新技术。流式细胞术单元使用这项技术来量化接受各种抗体治疗的患者的肿瘤细胞抗体结合能力。流式细胞术分析取代了以前使用放射性标记抗体进行的研究。流式细胞仪分析更快速，不需要使用放射性，只需100微升的血液，而不是25毫升。收集的数据也更准确，并提高了NCI调查人员将与肿瘤细胞结合的抗体与治疗反应进行比较的能力。在治疗后立即定量荧光抗体结合也可以精确地确定非标记治疗性抗体的抗原位置的饱和度。基于抗体的治疗现在被纳入白血病或淋巴瘤患者的常规治疗中，大多数NCI淋巴瘤和白血病方案都包括在他们的治疗方案中。因此，抗原定量对于NCI研究人员来说是一个巨大的资源，可以在其他机构获得。在治疗前、治疗中和治疗后对抗原进行定量可能有助于深入了解被新型治疗药物破坏的途径。流式细胞仪检测也被用来评估在NCI接受嵌合抗原受体(CAR)T细胞治疗的患者。它在评估嵌合抗原受体(CAR)T细胞治疗的反应中起着至关重要的作用，它通过定量检测治疗性CAR T细胞在患者体内的扩增，同时监测肿瘤细胞的减少。

Clinical quantitative flow cytometry is a new technology that utilizes specialized antibody staining techniques and fluorescent standards to quantitate antibody binding to different cell populations within a sample. The Flow Cytometry Unit uses this technique to quantitate tumor cell antibody binding capacity in patients undergoing various antibody based therapies. The flow cytometric assays are performed in place of previous studies using radioactively labeled antibodies. The flow cytometric assays are more rapid, make the use of radioactivity unnecessary and are performed on 100 uL of blood instead of 25mL. The data collected is also more precise and improves the ability of NCI investigators to compare antibody binding to tumor cells to treatment response. Quantitation of fluorescent antibody binding immediately post therapy also allows precise determination of saturation of antigen sites with non labeled therapeutic antibody. Antibody based therapy is now incorporated into routine treatment for patients with leukemia or lymphoma and the majority of NCI lymphoma and leukemia protocols include it in their regimens. Antigen Quantitation is therefore a tremendous resource for NCI investigators that is available at other institutions. Quantitation of antigens prior to, during and post therapy may provide insight into pathways disrupted by novel therapeutic agents. Flow cytometric testing is also utilized to evaluate patients receiving chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy at NCI. It plays a vital role in assessing response to chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy by quantitating expansion of the therapeutic CAR T cells in the patient while at the same time monitoring the decrease in neoplastic cells.