Measurement and Methodology for Daily Patterns of Drug Use and Related Behaviors

描述（由申请人提供）：现有研究存在重要的方法学局限性，阻碍了我们为有效应用制定有用指南的能力 在各种研究和临床环境中，对药物使用的日常模式和相关风险行为的替代测量。该项目的长期目标是从健康风险行为的日常过程数据中提取关键信息，为预防和干预提供信息。在这种特殊的应用中，目标是开发具有成本效益的测量方法 和先进的方法来收集和分析日常过程数据。为了实现这一目标，将追求三个具体目标：1）开发尖端的统计方法和免费软件，以解决前瞻性测量（包括交互式语音应答（IVR）系统和短信（TM））的数据缺失问题，并根据健康风险行为（吸毒/酗酒、暴力和艾滋病毒风险）的日常模式检查反应性和有效性 行为）; 2）以一个设计新颖的高风险样本进行实验研究，以评估在不同测量和评估时间表下的依从性、反应性和有效性;以及3）分析通过拟议项目和先前研究收集的9波数据，为风险青少年建立发展模型，以便为预防和干预提供信息。研究设计具有创新性，因为方法学开发（目标1）、实验研究（目标2）和统计建模（目标3）都是基于药物使用和相关风险行为关键发展期高风险样本的前瞻性数据（61%非洲裔美国人，100%吸毒者，83%涉及多种HIV风险行为）。统计方法是创新的，因为我们建立了统计科学和药物滥用领域之间的桥梁，通过引入和扩展新的统计概念和技术，以评估药物使用和相关风险行为的日常模式的测量心理测量特性。拟议的研究是重要的，因为这是第一项研究，比较IVR，TM和最常用的回顾性测量，时间轴跟回（TLFB），测量日常模式的多种风险行为的合规性，反应性和有效性。这项研究的发现可以告知预防科学家和临床医生关于替代测量的有效应用，以评估长期健康问题的风险，制定筛查方案，设计促进行为改变的干预措施，并纵向评估干预效果。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Existing studies have important methodological limitations that have hindered our ability to develop a useful guideline for effective applications of alternative measurements for daily patterns of drug use and related risk behaviors in a variety of research and clinical settings. The long-term goal of this project is to extract crucial information from daily process data of health risk behaviors to inform prevention and intervention. The objective in this particular application is to develop cost-effective measurement and cutting-edge methodology to collect and analyze daily process data. To accomplish this objective, three specific aims will be pursued:1) Develop cutting-edge statistical methodology and free software to address the missing data issue of prospective measurements including the interactive voice response (IVR) system and text-messaging (TM) and to examine reactivity and validity based on daily patterns of health risk behaviors (drug/alcohol use, violence, and HIV risk behaviors); 2) Conduct an experimental study using a high risk sample with a novel design to evaluate compliance, reactivity and validity under different measurements and assessment schedules; and 3) Analyze the 9 waves of data collected through the proposed project and a prior study to build developmental models for at risk youth in order to inform prevention and intervention. The study design is innovative because the methodology development (Aim 1), experimental study (Aim 2), and statistical modeling (Aim 3) are all built upon prospective data from a high risk sample during the critical developmental period for drug use and related risk behaviors (61% African-American, 100% drug users, 83% involving in multiple HIV risk behaviors). The statistical methodology is innovative because we build a bridge between the statistical science and substance abuse field by introducing and extending new statistical concepts and techniques to evaluate psychometric properties of measurements for daily patterns of drug use and related risk behaviors. The proposed research is significant because this is the first study that compares the IVR, TM and the most commonly used retrospective measurement, the timeline follow back (TLFB), for measuring daily patterns of multiple risk behaviors in terms of compliance, reactivity, and validity. The finding of this study can inform prevention scientists and clinicians about effective applications of alternative measurements to assess risk for long-term health problems, develop screening protocols, design intervention facilitating behavioral changes, and evaluate intervention effects longitudinally.