Investigation of the role of ATXN1 in oligodendroglia and neurodegenerative diseases
Investigation of the role of ATXN1 in oligodendroglia and neurodegenerative diseases
批准号:
10390899
负责人:
Janghoo Lim
金额:
$68.62万
依托单位:
依托单位国家:
美国
项目类别:
财政年份:
2022
资助国家:
美国
项目状态:
未结题
起止时间:
2022-03-01 至 2026-12-31
关键词:
AllelesAlzheimer&aposs DiseaseAlzheimer&aposs disease riskAmyotrophic Lateral SclerosisAutopsyBehavioralBiochemicalBiological AssayCAG repeatCell Differentiation processCell LineCell LineageCellsCerebellar AtaxiaCerebellumCodeCodon NucleotidesComplexDNA Sequence AlterationDataDependenceDiseaseDisease ProgressionEventExonsFrontotemporal DementiaFunctional disorderGene ExpressionGoalsHistologicHumanImpairmentIn VitroInterruptionInvestigationKnock-in MouseKnockout MiceLengthModelingMolecularMultiple SclerosisMusMutationMyelinNerve DegenerationNervous system structureNeuraxisNeurodegenerative DisordersNeuronal DysfunctionNeuronsOligodendrogliaOnset of illnessPathogenesisPathologicPhenotypePopulationProcessProgressive Nonfluent AphasiasProteinsPurkinje CellsResearchRiskRoleSamplingSingle Nucleotide PolymorphismSmall Nuclear RNATherapeuticTherapeutic InterventionTimeTissuesTrinucleotide Repeat ExpansionType 1 Spinocerebellar Ataxiaataxin-1behavioral impairmentcell typecohortfrontotemporal lobar dementia-amyotrophic lateral sclerosisgenetic approachhigh standardhuman tissuein vivoinduced pluripotent stem cellinsightloss of functionmouse geneticsmutantmyelinationneuron lossnoveloligodendrocyte lineageoligodendrocyte progenitorpolyglutamineselective expressionsporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosisstem cellstranscription factor
中文摘要
ATXN 1基因突变编码共济失调蛋白-ATXN 1蛋白,与几种不同的
神经退行性疾病 在人类中,野生型ATXN 1等位基因通常含有4- 1036个连续的
CAG密码子位于第一个编码外显子的多聚谷氨酰胺区,其中含有大于21个重复序列
通常还携带1至3个中断CAT密码子。一个ATXN 1等位基因的重复序列扩展到
39个或更多不间断重复导致高度渗透性、迟发性和进行性小脑共济失调
脊髓小脑性共济失调1型(SCA 1) 有趣的是,ATXN 1的中间长度扩增是
与发展成散发性肌萎缩侧索硬化症的风险增加有关,
额颞叶痴呆(FTD)称为进行性非流利性失语(PNFA),而内含子突变,
降低ATXN 1水平也会增加阿尔茨海默病(AD)和多发性硬化症的风险。虽然ATXN 1
在整个中枢神经系统的许多不同类型的细胞中普遍表达,大多数研究表明,
主要集中在小脑浦肯野细胞(PC)中的突变型共济失调蛋白-1的作用,
SCA 1中的神经元退化。 因此,ataxin-β 1的功能以及不同ataxin-β 1对大鼠脑缺血再灌注损伤的影响,
在PC以外的其他群体中的突变并不广为人知。 此外,有效的疾病修饰
用于任何这些与ATXN 1突变相关的神经退行性疾病的疗法,包括SCA 1,FTD,
和AD,非常有限或不存在。 最近,我们发现了
少突胶质细胞祖细胞(OPC)和少突胶质细胞(OL)在SCA 1小鼠的早期阶段,
出现在行为障碍的发作前后,比PC退化早得多。 在这一提议中,
我们计划确定少突胶质细胞缺陷对神经退行性疾病的确切影响,
阐明突变型和野生型ataxin-1调节少突胶质细胞分化的机制
和功能 目标1将采用条件小鼠遗传学方法来确定
使用SCA 1作为模型,少突胶质细胞功能障碍导致不同的疾病相关表型。目的2
将确定共济失调蛋白-β 1调节少突胶质细胞的细胞和分子机制,
使用体内和体外方法研究神经系统中的分化和功能。目标3将扩大
拟议的研究范围为人类组织和细胞,以检查少突胶质细胞表型。我们预计
这项研究的目的将为少突胶质细胞在神经退行性疾病中的作用提供基本的见解。
疾病的发病机制和进展,并揭示新的机制,通过OPC分化为
OLS是受管制的。 如果成功的话,这些研究将推进检查非神经元的重要性。
对神经退行性疾病的贡献,并揭示了治疗干预的新的潜在切入点
与ATXN 1突变相关的疾病,包括SCA 1、FTD和AD。
英文摘要
Genetic mutations in ATXN1, which encodes ataxin-1 protein, have been implicated in several distinct
neurodegenerative diseases. In humans, wild-type ATXN1 alleles normally contain between 4-36 consecutive
CAG codons in the polyglutamine tract of the first coding exon, with those containing greater than 21 repeats
typically also carrying 1 to 3 interrupting CAT codons. The expansion of the repeat tract of one ATXN1 allele to
39 or more uninterrupted repeats results in the highly penetrant, late-onset, and progressive cerebellar ataxia
called spinocerebellar ataxia type 1 (SCA1). Interestingly, intermediate length expansions of ATXN1 are
associated with an increased risk for developing sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and a form of
frontotemporal dementia (FTD) called progressive nonfluent aphasia (PNFA), while intronic mutations that
decrease ATXN1 levels also increase risk for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and multiple sclerosis. Although ATXN1
is ubiquitously expressed in many different cell types throughout the central nervous system, most studies have
primarily focused on the role of mutant ataxin-1 in the cerebellar Purkinje cells (PCs), the most obvious population
of neurons to degenerate in SCA1. Therefore, the functions of ataxin-1 and the effects of different ataxin-1
mutations in other populations beyond PCs are not well-known. Furthermore, effective disease-modifying
therapies for any of these neurodegenerative disorders associated with ATXN1 mutations, including SCA1, FTD,
and AD, are extremely limited or non-existent. Recently, we have identified profound alterations in
oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) and oligodendrocytes (OLs) at early stages of SCA1 mice, which
emerge around the onset of behavioral impairments and much earlier than PC degeneration. In this proposal,
we plan to determine the precise impact of oligodendroglial deficits on neurodegenerative diseases, and to
elucidate the mechanisms through which mutant and wild-type ataxin-1 regulate oligodendroglial differentiation
and function. Aim 1 will employ conditional mouse genetic approaches to determine the degree to which
oligodendroglial dysfunction contributes to different disease-related phenotypes using SCA1 as a model. Aim 2
will determine the cellular and molecular mechanisms through which ataxin-1 regulates oligodendroglial
differentiation and function in the nervous system using in vivo and in vitro approaches. Aim 3 will expand the
scope of the proposed study to human tissues and cells to examine oligodendroglial phenotypes. We anticipate
that the research aims will provide fundamental insights into the role of oligodendroglia in neurodegenerative
disease pathogenesis and progression, and uncover new mechanisms through which OPC differentiation into
OLs is regulated. If successful, these studies will advance the importance of examining non-neuronal
contributions to neurodegenerative diseases and reveal novel potential entry points for therapeutic intervention
in disorders in which ATXN1 mutations are associated, including SCA1, FTD, and AD.
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Investigation of the role of ATXN1 in oligodendroglia and neurodegenerative diseases
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