Regulation of inhibitory interneuron development
Regulation of inhibitory interneuron development
批准号:
9762394
负责人:
Janghoo Lim
金额:
$25.13万
依托单位:
依托单位国家:
美国
项目类别:
财政年份:
2019
资助国家:
美国
项目状态:
已结题
起止时间:
2019-03-01 至 2021-01-31
关键词:
AdultAffectAnatomyAnimal ModelBehavioralBiochemicalBiological AssayBiological ProcessBrainBrain DiseasesCell CountCell ProliferationComplexCorpus striatum structureDataDefectDevelopmentEmbryoEmbryonic DevelopmentEquilibriumFoundationsFunctional disorderFutureGangliaGenerationsGoalsHistologicHomologous GeneHumanImpairmentInterneuron functionInterneuronsKnockout MiceKnowledgeLateralLeadLinkMaintenanceMedialMental DepressionMental disordersMolecularMolecular AnalysisMolecular and Cellular BiologyMusNeurodevelopmental DisorderNeurologicNeuronsOutputPathogenesisPathway interactionsPatternPlayProcessProductionProsencephalonProtein-Serine-Threonine KinasesRegulationRegulatory PathwayResearchResolutionRoleSchizophreniaSignal PathwayStem cellsTestingTissuesTreatment Efficacyautism spectrum disorderbasecell growtheffective therapyexcitatory neuronimprovedin vivoinhibitory neuroninsightnemo-like kinasenerve stem cellneural circuitneurodevelopmentneurogenesisneuron developmentneuropsychiatric disorderneuropsychiatryneuroregulationnovelrecombinase-mediated cassette exchangesubventricular zone
中文摘要
人类大脑由超过1000亿个神经元组成,这些神经元组装成功能性神经回路,
是所有复杂的大脑功能的基础 神经元兴奋和抑制之间的精确平衡是
正常的大脑功能所必需的,它们之间的不平衡导致各种类型的行为和
神经系统问题,包括许多复杂的大脑疾病,如精神分裂症,抑郁症,
自闭症 兴奋性和抑制性神经元形成的调节机制已被大量研究
细节,但这些机制调节抑制性中间神经元仍在阐明。总体目标
该项目的目的是更好地了解抑制性中间神经元形成的调控途径,
希望这样的见解将导致更好地了解复杂的大脑疾病和发展
有效的治疗方法。为了达到这一目标,我们首先确定了可能影响
胚胎神经节隆起(GE)的发育,这是一个腹侧前脑区域,
interneurons神经元are born诞生.我们认为这些因子应该在GE中表达并调节信号传导
控制神经发生的重要途径。 我们的初步研究表明,Nemo-Like激酶(NLK),
进化上保守的丝氨酸/苏氨酸激酶,满足这些标准。 我们发现,Nlk(小鼠)
NLK的同源物)在GE的不同区域中特异性表达,并且小鼠中NLK的缺失导致神经祖细胞增殖的显著增加和它们分化为神经元的损伤。
成熟的抑制性中间神经元。 基于这些初步的研究,我们假设Nlk发挥了
在抑制性中间神经元的发育中起着重要作用。 为了研究这个想法,我们提出了
遵循两大目标。 在目的1中,我们将确定Nlk在神经前体细胞调控中的作用,
在小鼠GE中增殖。 我们将具体研究Nlk何时以及如何影响祖细胞
在GE的特定区域中的数量。 在目标2中,我们将检查Nlk是否需要在胚胎和成人阶段的皮层和纹状体中的抑制性中间神经元的特定亚型的适当分化和维持。 我们相信,从本申请中提出的研究中获得的知识将从根本上推进我们对正常抑制性中间神经元形成的调控机制的理解,从而深入了解这一重要过程与理解复杂脑疾病发病机制的相关性。
英文摘要
The human brain consists of over one hundred billion neurons assembled into functional neural circuits, which
underlie all sophisticated brain functions. A precise balance between neuronal excitation and inhibition is
required for proper brain function, and the imbalance between them leads to various types of behavioral and
neurological problems including many complex brain disorders, such as schizophrenia, depression, and
autism. Regulatory mechanisms for excitatory and inhibitory neuron formation have been studied in great
detail, but those mechanisms regulating inhibitory interneurons are still being elucidated. The overarching goal
of this project is to better understand the regulatory pathways underlying inhibitory interneuron formation with
the hope that such insight will lead to the better understanding of complex brain disorders and the development
of effective therapeutics. In order to reach this goal, we began by identifying factors that could potentially affect
the development of the embryonic ganglionic eminences (GE), a ventral forebrain region where inhibitory
interneurons are born. We rationalized that such factors should be expressed in the GE and regulate signaling
pathways essential for controlling neurogenesis. Our initial studies reveal that Nemo-like kinase (NLK), an
evolutionarily conserved serine/threonine kinase, satisfies these criteria. We have found that Nlk (mouse
homologue of NLK) is specifically expressed in different regions of the GE, and loss of Nlk in mice causes a dramatic increase in the proliferation of neural progenitor cells and impairment of their differentiation into
mature inhibitory interneurons. Based on these preliminary studies, we hypothesize that Nlk plays a
fundamental role in the development of inhibitory interneurons. To investigate this idea, we propose the
following two major aims. In Aim 1, we will determine the role of Nlk in the control of neural progenitor cell
proliferation in the mouse GE. We will investigate specifically when, and how, Nlk influences progenitor cell
number in specific regions of the GE. In Aim 2, we will examine if Nlk is required for the proper differentiation and maintenance of specific subtypes of inhibitory interneurons in the cortex and striatum during embryonic and adult stages. We believe that the knowledge gained from the studies proposed in this application will fundamentally advance our understanding of the regulatory mechanisms of normal inhibitory interneuron formation, and thus provide insights into the relevance of this important process to understanding the pathogenesis of complex brain disorders.
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