Pilot Core

下面我们提出的三个试点项目直接借鉴了本申请概述3.1中所述的研究。我们提议的两个试点项目借鉴了我们早期关于违约对参与雇主赞助的401(K)储蓄计划的影响的研究。这项研究表明，当员工必须选择退出储蓄计划参与(自动登记)时，储蓄计划的参与率显著高于当员工必须选择加入储蓄计划时(Madrian和Shea，2001；Choi等人)。 2002年，2004a，2006年；Choi，Laibson和Madrian 2004年；Beshears等人。2008年)。我们提议的试点项目将这项研究扩展到卫生领域，特别是处方药依从性和流感疫苗(以下项目1和3)。 我们提议的三个试点项目借鉴了我们关于简化招生选择和节省开支的早期研究 计划参与。Choi，Laibson，Madrian(即将出版)和Beshears等人。(2006)表明何时 员工必须选择加入雇主的储蓄计划，当 通过向员工提供选择预选捐款的选项，简化了登记流程 利率和资产配置捆绑。当这样的选项可用时，员工可以有效地将 从关于最合适的缴款率的更复杂的决策中得出参与决策 根据他们的情况进行资产配置。这项研究反映在我们的处方药试点项目中。 遵守和流感疫苗(下文项目1、2和3)。 我们提出的两个关于遵守处方药的试点项目(项目1和项目2)也是从我们的 关于要求积极参与决策如何影响储蓄计划参与的先前研究(Carroll et Al 2008)。这项研究表明，当员工必须选择参加储蓄计划时，参保率 当通过要求员工明确要求 在规定的时间范围内进行积极或消极的参与选举。 我们建议的最后一个试点项目借鉴了社会心理学家对同伴压力和 社会比较(Asch 1951；Festinger 1954；Jones and Gerard 1967；Cason and Mui 1997；Suls and Wheeler 2000；Gerber、Green和Larmer 2008)和经济学家关于信息聚合的观点(例如， Banerjee，1992)。我们正处于评估非常简单的干预原型的早期阶段，旨在 通过向员工提供有关其同事比例的信息，鼓励员工参与储蓄计划 参加雇主的储蓄计划。干预措施已经实施，尽管我们还没有 但从与我们合作进行这项研究的公司那里收到了关于影响的数据。

Three of the pilot projects that we propose below draw directly on the research described in 3.1 of the Overview to this application. Two of our proposed pilot projects draw on our eariier research on the impact of defaults on participation in employer-sponsored 401 (k) savings plans. This research shows that savings plan participation is substantially higher when employees must opt out of savings plan participation (automatic enrollment) rather than when employees must opt into the savings plan (Madrian and Shea 2001; Choi et al. 2002, 2004a, 2006; Choi, Laibson and Madrian 2004; Beshears et al. 2008). Our proposed pilot projects extend this research to the domains of health, specifically prescription drug adherence and influenza vaccines (Projects 1 and 3 below). Three of our proposed pilot projects draw on our eariier research on simplified enrollment choices and savings plan participation. Choi, Laibson, and Madrian (forthcoming) and Beshears et al. (2006) show that when employees must opt into their employer's savings plan, participation rates are substantially higher when the enrollment process is simplified by providing employees with the option of choosing a pre-selected contribution rate and asset allocation bundle. When such an option is available, employees can effectively separate the participation decision from the more complicated decision about the most appropriate contribution rate and asset allocation for their circumstances. This research is reflected in our pilot projects on prescription drug adherence and influenza vaccines (Projects 1, 2 and 3 below). Our two proposed pilot projects on prescription drug adherence (Projects 1 and 2) are also informed by our previous research on how requiring an active participation decision affects savings plan participation (Carroll et al 2008). This research shows that when employees must opt into savings plan participation, enrollment rates are substantially higher when procrastination is forestalled by requiring employees to make either an explicit affirmative or negative participation election within a specified time frame. The last of our proposed pilot projects draws on the research of social psychologists on peer pressure and social comparisons (Asch 1951; Festinger 1954; Jones and Gerard 1967; Cason and Mui 1997; Suls and Wheeler 2000; Gerber, Green, and Larimer 2008) and that of economists on information aggregation (e.g., Banerjee 1992). We are in the eariy stages of evaluating a very simple prototype of an intervention designed to encourage savings plan participation by giving employees information on the fraction of their coworkers participating in their employer's savings plan. The intervention has been implemented, although we have not yet received data on the effects from the firm that is cooperating with us on this research.