GH18-004, Surveillance and research for the innovation and sustainability of public health actions

总结 危地马拉瓦莱大学健康研究中心（CHS/UVG）编写了这份提案 这包括两个项目类别的研究：A，监测;和B，风险因素，负担或 传输共提出8个子项目，其中5个正在监测，3个正在研究 类别这些子项目应对具有地方和全球相关性的传染病：被忽视的疟疾 病媒传播、人畜共患、母婴传播以及突发疾病和健康事件。的 在监测类别下提出的五个次级项目解决当地不同地区的监测需求， 前景：已实现传播的病媒传播疾病的低传播环境 中断或正在努力实现这一目标，如盘尾丝虫病和恰加斯病;人畜共患病和其他 影响偏远地区农村人口的人畜接触面上被忽视的疾病，如甲型流感， 布鲁氏菌病和利什曼病;需要早期治疗以避免严重后果的先天性疾病， 婴儿，作为从恰加斯病等疾病向寨卡等其他突发疾病扩展的潜在领域;严重急性 导致很大一部分发病率和死亡率的感染，例如呼吸道感染、发热感染 和肠道疾病;以及更广泛地早期发现一般健康事件，作为潜在的 爆发对于研究子项目，我们已经确定了3个我们具有优势的研究问题 开展研究，填补知识空白：端螺旋体病及其与慢性肾病的关系; 开发新的工具，用于病媒综合控制管理，并确定病原学特异性 儿童呼吸道和肠道疾病的归因分数。 我们预期研究结果可在两个主要公共卫生范畴作出贡献（一）加强监察 先天性南美锥虫病、盘尾丝虫病、急性呼吸道、肠道和发热感染、优先人畜共患传染病 有助于地方和全球预防和控制措施的疾病和健康事件，以及（B） 确定新的和改进的干预措施，以测试控制和预防钩端螺旋体病，慢性 肾病、病媒综合管理以及呼吸道和肠道传染病。虽然我们 在之前与美国疾病控制和预防中心和国家卫生部（MOH）合作的基础上制定本提案 近20年来，在全球疾病检测（GDD）领域，我们的目标是克服 我们过去的工作包括三个跨领域的方法：数据和资源共享，能力加强， 在当地公共卫生机构内进行，并将结果转化为行动。

SUMMARY The Center for Health Studies at Universidad del Valle de Guatemala (CHS/UVG) has prepared this proposal that includes studies in two project categories: A, surveillance; and B, research of risk factors, burden or transmission. A total of 8 sub-projects are proposed, 5 and 3 respectively under the surveillance and research categories. These subprojects respond to infectious diseases with local and global relevance: malaria, neglected vector-borne, zoonotic, and maternal and childhood, and emergent diseases and heath events, respectively. The five subprojects proposed under the surveillance category address surveillance needs locally from different perspectives: low transmission settings for vector transmitted diseases that have achieved transmission interruption or are working toward this goal, like onchocerciasis and Chagas Disease; zoonotic and other neglected diseases at the human-animal interface affecting rural populations in remote areas, like influenza A, brucellosis and leishmaniosis; congenital diseases that require an early treatment to avert severe outcomes in infants, as an area of potential expansion from diseases like Chagas to other emergent like Zika, ; severe acute infections that are responsible for a significant proportion of morbidity and mortality, such as respiratory, febrile and enteric diseases; and broader early detection of general health events as an early warning for potential outbreaks. For the research subprojects, we have identified 3 research problems in which we have an advantage to implement studies to fill knowledge gaps: leptospirosis and its association with chronic kidney disease; development of novel tools for integrated vector control management, and identification of etiology specific attributable fractions of respiratory and enteric diseases in childhood. We expect that results will contribute in two major areas of public health (A) to strengthen surveillance for congenital Chagas diseases, onchocerciasis, acute respiratory, enteric, and febrile infections, priority zoonotic diseases, and health events contributing to the local and global prevention and control initiatives, and (B) to identify novel and improved interventions to be tested for the control and prevention of leptospirosis, chronic kidney disease, integrated vector management, and respiratory and enteric infectious diseases. Although we build this proposal on previous collaborative work with US CDC and the National Ministry of Health (MOH) for over almost 20 years within the Global Disease Detection (GDD), we will aim to overcome limitations form our past work by including three cross cutting approaches: data and resource sharing, capacity strengthening within the local public health institutions, and transfer of results into actions.