Characterization of Floor Level Aerosol (PM) Exposure and Childhood Asthma

描述（由申请人提供）：提出一项研究，以改进和评估一种新设备，以改善一岁儿童和幼儿室内可吸入颗粒物暴露的估计。由于他们经常在地板上玩耍，这些儿童可能比年龄较大的儿童和成人更容易接触到PM10颗粒和空气中的成分，这些成分是已知的哮喘诱因。共有200名6至35个月大的儿童将从社区诊所登记。家长将接受标准化哮喘问卷调查（ISAAC），以确定哮喘症状的存在和频率。将定性和定量地描述暴露情况，以检查是否通过使用替代个人监测获得更精确的PM10暴露估计。该研究将采用一种已开发并经过初步测试的学龄前可吸入颗粒物环境机器人（PIPER）采样器的改进版本。采样将在固定高度的固定采样站进行，其中所有乐器的入口将在110厘米的高度，以及自驱动的计算机化PIPER采样器，其中所有乐器的入口可以在高于地板20至110厘米之间变化，以反映这些儿童在地板上玩耍时不同的呼吸高度。每户设置四个参数：1)实时监测装置测量PM10颗粒的质量浓度；2)实时粒径及数量分布（0.3 ~ 10缸）；3)过滤器上的空气采样，以详细表征PM10成分（农药，过敏原和内毒素）；4)载玻片上收集的空气中真菌（活菌和非活菌）的浓度和组成。4种监测类型中的每一种将同时收集测量数据。木糖醇的实验室分析的结果,模具和蟑螂过敏原(Bla g Yz),尘螨(Der f 1 / p),狗(f(1),猫(图像的基本单位d 1)和鼠标(亩毫升)将评估与报告哮喘症状本研究试图提供一个替代个人监测各种环境因素可能经历的孩子太年轻被传统的评估方法,包括那些在生活的第一年。此外，它将为更精确地估计儿童早期暴露于气溶胶中PM10组分中的哮喘开辟一条途径。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): A research study is proposed to refine and evaluate a new device to improve the estimation of indoor exposure to inhalable particulate for both children in the first year of life and toddlers. Because they frequently play on the floor, these children may experience significantly higher levels of exposure than older children and adults to PM10 particles and airborne constituents, which are known asthmagens. A total of 200 children ages 6 to 35 months will be enrolled from neighborhood clinics. Parents will be administered a standardized asthma questionnaire (ISAAC) to determine presence and frequency of asthma symtpoms. Exposures will be characterized both qualitatively and quantitatively, to examine if the more precise estimation of PM10 exposure obtained by using a surrogate for personal monitoring. The study will employ a revised iteration of a prototype Pre-Toddler Inhalable Particulate Environmental Robotic (PIPER) Sampler that has been developed and undergone preliminary testing. Sampling will be carried out with both a fixed height stationary sampling station, where inlets of all instruments will be at 110 cm height, and the self- propelled computerized PIPER sampler, where inlets of all instruments can be varied between 20 to 110cm above the floor to mirror the varied breathing heights of these children while engaged in play on the floor. Four parameters will be for each household: 1) mass concentration of PM10 particles measured by a real- time monitoring device; 2) real-time particle size and number distribution (0.3-10 urn); 3) air sampling on filters for detailed characterization of the PM10 constituents (pesticides, allergens, and endotoxins); 4) concentration and composition of airborne fungi (viable and non-viable) collected on glass slides. Measurements will be collected in tandem for each of the 4 types of monitoring. The results of the laboratory analysis for endotoxins, molds and allergens for cockroaches (Bla g Yz), dust mites (Der f 1/p 1), dog (Can f 1), cat (Pel d 1) and mouse (Mus ml) will be evaluated for association with reporting of asthma symptoms This study seeks to provide an alternative to personal monitoring for a variety of environmental exposures that may be experienced by children too young to be assessed by conventional methods, including those in their first year of life. In addition, it will open up an avenue for more precise estimation of early childhood exposures to asthmagens in the PM10 fraction of aerosols.