Neuroscience of human food perception and eating behavior

来自神经成像研究的证据表明，支持奖励处理和习惯形成的大脑区域的异常功能可能与个人的饮食行为和肥胖倾向有关。特别是，我们之前的研究发现，背侧纹状体多巴胺D2受体结合电位(D2BP)的增加与机会性进食行为、体脂和体重指数(BMI)呈正相关。然而，我们的发现与之前被广泛引用的D2BP与BMI呈相反方向相关的报道相反。 我们正在进行一项临床研究(https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03648892)，以阐明使用略有不同的方法得出的相互矛盾的结果的原因。具体地说，我们之前的研究使用正电子发射断层扫描(PET)，在饮食稳定一段时间和标准早餐后3小时，使用多巴胺D2受体拮抗剂放射性配基18Ffall yPride测量D2BP。发现D2BP和BMI之间相反方向的相关性的报告通常使用D2受体拮抗剂放射性配体11Craclopide来研究BMI较高的受试者。此外，以前的研究通常是在禁食状态下进行的，但受试者之前的食物摄入量没有得到很好的控制。本研究将试图解决这一争议，方法是在饮食稳定一段时间后，在受控的夜间禁食条件下，对39名成年人进行D2BP测量，其中13人在三个BMI层中各13个，代表较大的BMI范围。主要目的是评估纹状体D2BP和BMI之间的数学关系，并确定来自18Ffall Pride和11Craclopide的D2BP的受试者内相关性。

Evidence from neuroimaging studies indicates that aberrant functionality in brain regions that support reward processing and habit formation may be related to an individual's eating behavior and obesity propensity. In particular, our previous research found that increased dopamine D2 receptor binding potential (D2BP) in the dorsal and lateral striatum was positively related to opportunistic eating behaviors, body fat, and body mass index (BMI). However, our findings were contrary to highly-cited previous reports of D2BP correlating with BMI in the opposite direction. We are conducting a clinical research study (https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03648892) to elucidate the reasons for the conflicting results that used somewhat different methodologies. Specifically, our previous study used positron emission tomography (PET) to measure D2BP using the dopamine D2 receptor antagonist radioligand 18Ffallypride following a period of dietary stabilization and 3 hours after a standardized breakfast. Reports finding correlations between D2BP and BMI in the opposite direction have typically investigated subjects with higher BMI using the D2 receptor antagonist radioligand 11Craclopride. Furthermore, previous studies were typically conducted in the fasted state, but the subjects prior food intake was not well-controlled. The present study will attempt to resolve the controversy by measuring D2BP using both 18Ffallypride and 11Craclopride in 39 adults, 13 within each of three BMI strata to represent a large BMI range, under controlled overnight fasting conditions following a period of dietary stabilization. The primary aims are to estimate the mathematical relationship between striatal D2BP and BMI and determine the within-subject correlations of D2BP derived from 18Ffallypride and 11Craclopride.