Electronic cigarette use inside of vehicles and associated secondhand and thirdhand exposures

项目摘要 电子烟(ECIG)是一种使用电热水器将液体雾化的产品。 通常含有丙二醇、植物甘油、尼古丁和化学香料。而气雾剂 研究表明，使用ECIG产生的烟雾中含有较低浓度的香烟烟雾中的某些化学物质 已证明ECIG气雾剂含有丙二醇等有害刺激物和毒物， 蔬菜甘油，尼古丁，挥发性有机化学品，甲醛，乙醛，丙烯醛，呋喃， 氯丙醇和烟草特有的亚硝胺。尽管ECIG中存在这些化合物 对于气雾剂，许多ECIG用户认为ECIG的使用与低危害有关。因此，室内ECIG使用 在非ECIG用户周围，包括在车辆内使用ECIG，是很常见的。研究表明， 室内使用ECIG会导致二手和第三手接触ECIG气雾剂中存在的化学物质，但 研究尚未检查ECIG在车辆内的使用情况，以及在如此小的空间使用是否会导致 暴露在ECIG中会产生化学物质。这个项目的具体目标是：1)检查自我报告 ECig使用行为和对ECIG在车辆内使用的感知，2)测量浓度 在报告ECIG在其车辆中使用的ECIG用户的车辆内部表面上沉积的化学物质， 以及3)在积极使用ECIG的过程中测量ECIG用户车辆内的颗粒物浓度。这 研究将使用在线调查方法来检查车辆内的ECIG使用行为(例如， ECig在车辆中使用，ECIG与车内其他人一起使用，ECIG与车窗打开/关闭等。)在样本中 成人当前ECIG用户的比例。此外，报告在车内使用ECIG的ECIG用户将提交 亲自带着他们的车去参观。参与者将包括“Pod mod”ECIG设备和“Third”的用户 代“ECIG设备以及控制(即，没有ECIG或烟草的车辆的非ECIG用户 使用发生)。将从ECIG使用者的车辆(和管制车辆)内表面采集样本 化学分析将检测和量化在ECIG气雾剂中发现的化学物质的存在。ECig用户 然后在他们的车辆内进行积极的ECIG使用，包括10次喷雾定向比赛(每30次喷气一次 秒)和20分钟，他们利用即兴表演进行ECIG。在ECIG使用期间，颗粒物 物质浓度将在车辆内部进行测量。预期结果包括使用ECIG在 车辆将在ECIG使用者中很常见，并将与高浓度的化学品和 车辆内的颗粒物。这些数据将增加对疾病患病率和类型的了解 ECig使用在车辆内以及二手和三手曝光中发生的行为 与不同类型的ECIG装置在车辆内使用的ECIG相关。成功完成这项工作 项目将有助于识别在车辆内使用ECIG的潜在风险，并为预防工作提供信息，以避免 不受欢迎的有害暴露于ECIG产生的化学品。

Project Summary Electronic cigarettes (ECIGs) are a diverse class of products that use an electric heater to aerosolize a liquid often containing propylene glycol, vegetable glycerin, nicotine, and chemical flavorants. While the aerosol generated from ECIG use contains lower concentrations of some chemicals found in cigarette smoke, research has demonstrated that ECIG aerosol contains harmful irritants and toxicants including propylene glycol, vegetable glycerin, nicotine, volatile organic chemicals, formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, acrolein, furans, chloropropanols, and tobacco specific nitrosamines. Despite the presence of these compounds in ECIG aerosol, many ECIG users perceive that ECIG use is associated with low harm. As a result, indoor ECIG use around non-ECIG users, including ECIG use inside of vehicles, is common. Research has demonstrated that indoor ECIG use can result in secondhand and thirdhand exposure to chemicals present in ECIG aerosol, but research has yet to examine ECIG use inside of vehicles and if use in this small space results in increased exposures to ECIG generated chemicals. The specific aims of this project are to 1) examine self-reported ECIG use behaviors and perceptions regarding ECIG use inside of vehicles, 2) measure concentrations of chemicals deposited on interior surfaces inside of ECIG users’ vehicles who report ECIG use in their vehicles, and 3) measure particulate matter concentrations inside of ECIG users’ vehicles during active ECIG use. This study will use online survey methods to examine ECIG use behaviors inside of vehicles (e.g., prevalence of ECIG use in vehicles, ECIG use with others in the vehicle, ECIG use with windows up/down, etc.) in a sample of adult current ECIG users. Additionally, ECIG users who report ECIG use inside their vehicles will present for an in person visit with their vehicles. Participants will include users of “pod mod” ECIG devices and “third generation” ECIG devices as well as controls (i.e., non-ECIG users with vehicles where no ECIG or tobacco use occurs). Samples will be collected from the interior surfaces of ECIG users’ vehicles (and control vehicles) and chemical analyses will detect and quantify the presence of chemicals found in ECIG aerosol. ECIG users will then engage in active ECIG use inside of their vehicles including a 10-puff directed bout (one puff every 30 seconds) and 20 minutes where they engage in ECIG use ad libitum. During ECIG use sessions, particulate matter concentrations will be measured inside of the vehicles. Expected results include that ECIG use inside of vehicles will be common among ECIG users and will be associated with high concentrations of chemicals and particulate matter inside of vehicles. These data will increase understanding of the prevalence and types of ECIG use behaviors that occur inside of vehicles as well as the secondhand and thirdhand exposures associated with ECIG use within vehicles by different types of ECIG devices. Successful completion of this project will help to identify the potential risks of ECIG use within vehicles and inform prevention efforts to avoid unwanted harmful exposures to ECIG generated chemicals.