Teen Mothersâ Prenatal Cannabis Use and Co-Use with Tobacco

性少数（SM）妇女是一个研究不足的人口，也没有研究产前物质 在年轻的顺性别SM女性中使用。然而，SM女性（特别是双性恋和大多数异性恋） 女性）经历少女怀孕的可能性是异性恋女性的2-4倍。SM女性 在更年轻时候开始吸烟、饮酒和吸食大麻，并继续使用这些东西 物质进入青年期。尽管青少年怀孕率和产前检查率存在显著差异， 怀孕物质的使用，没有研究产前物质的使用在年轻的SM妇女。的 本研究的目的是通过从SM孕妇中收集额外的数据来弥补文献中的空白 年龄在13-21岁之间的年轻妈妈研究。来自YoungMoms研究的SM女性将被 招募完成在线调查（n=85）和定性访谈（n=20）。怀孕的SM女性将 与YoungMoms研究中的怀孕异性恋（非SM）女性的年龄和种族相匹配， 比较他们的药物使用率和其他风险因素，如暴力，歧视， 压力和抑郁。本研究的目的有两个：（1）确定烟草的流行程度和类型， 年轻的SM孕妇在怀孕前和怀孕期间使用酒精、大麻和其他非法药物， 与非SM妇女的比率进行比较;（2）比较产前物质使用的风险因素比率 以及其他的流行病学因素。定性访谈将用于 阐明与产前物质使用有关的因素，可能是年轻SM妇女特有的。这是逻辑 扩展和范围内的母研究，旨在检查围产期的模式， 年轻孕妇使用大麻和烟草。这项研究是一种具有成本效益的方法， 我们希望通过对性行为妇女的研究，提供关于这一高危人群产前药物使用情况的急需数据。 这项研究代表了对青少年和年轻成年母亲的关注的一个全新的转变，对两者都有影响 研究和临床实践。产科医生可能没有意识到有多少年轻患者是SM， 也不了解与这一弱势群体产前使用药物有关的具体风险因素。

Sexual minority (SM) women are an understudied population and there is no research on prenatal substance use in younger cisgender SM women. However, SM women (especially bisexual and mostly heterosexual women) are 2-4 times more likely to experience a teenage pregnancy than heterosexual women. SM women initiate cigarette, alcohol and marijuana use at much younger ages, and continue to use more of these substances into young adulthood. Despite these striking disparities in rates of teen pregnancy and pre- pregnancy substance use, there have been no studies of prenatal substance use in young SM women. The goal of this study is to address that gap in the literature by collecting additional data from pregnant SM women ages 13-21 from an existing cohort, the YoungMoms study. SM women from the YoungMoms study will be recruited to complete an online survey (n=85) and qualitative interviews (n=20). The pregnant SM women will be matched for age and race with pregnant heterosexual (non-SM) women from the YoungMoms study, to compare their rates of substance use and other risk factors such as experiences of violence, discrimination, stress, and depression. The aims of this study are twofold: (1) Identify the prevalence and types of tobacco, alcohol, cannabis and other illicit drug use before and during pregnancy in young pregnant SM women and compare them to rates in non-SM women; and (2) Compare the rates of risk factors for prenatal substance use and other syndemic factors in young pregnant SM and non-SM women. Qualitative interviews will be used to elucidate factors related to prenatal substance use that may be specific to young SM women. This is a logical extension and well within the scope of the parent study, which was designed to examine patterns of perinatal cannabis and tobacco use in younger pregnant women. This study is a cost-effective way to accelerate research on SM women and provide much-needed data on prenatal substance use in this high-risk population. The study represents an entirely new shift in focus on teen and young adult mothers with implications for both research and clinical practice. Obstetric providers may not realize how many of their younger patients are SM, nor the specific risk factors related to prenatal substance use in this vulnerable population.