Racial disparities for the effects of parental marijuana use on youth marijuana and other substance use

项目摘要 青年人使用避孕药具的情况一直在增加， 种族/民族团体。像非洲裔美国人（AA）青少年这样的少数种族更有可能报告 比他们的白色同龄人使用大麻。青春期使用避孕药会损害大脑发育， 导致其他药物滥用和不良健康后果。为了确定潜在的目标， 为了采取干预措施减少健康差距，迫切需要区分风险和保护因素， 大麻的使用与种族和民族有关。随着大麻使用的法律的环境的变化， 美国有更多成年人支持大麻合法化，估计有8.2%的母亲和9.6%的 与青少年子女一起生活的父亲报告去年使用大麻。家庭环境是一个主要因素 青年发展的驱动力，种族和民族家庭往往经历更多的系统性风险， 压迫（例如，体制和人际间的种族主义、偏见和歧视）和更高的社会不平等 比他们的白色同龄人，导致急性和慢性压力。因此，我们假设父母 大麻使用独立预测后代大麻和其他物质的使用， 大麻使用的影响可能在种族和民族家庭中更强，特别是在AA家庭中。的 这项混合方法序贯解释性研究的总体目标是评估 父母使用大麻和青少年使用毒品之间的关系。在目标1中，我们将利用 纵向全国调查，5波父母和后代数据（n = 3，272），以检查 G1大麻使用和随后的G2大麻，vaping，烟草之间的代际关联， 不同种族/族裔群体之间的其他非法药物使用情况（AA、H/L与非西班牙裔白人）。在目标2中，我们将 评估大麻合法化状态和其他决定因素的适度和调解作用（例如， 歧视和心理困扰）。在目标3中，我们将进行半- 对父母大麻使用者和他们的后代进行结构化访谈（每96人），以定性研究 父母的影响和政策变化对青少年药物使用的交叉点。代际分析 纵向调查和半结构化访谈将充分整合，相互补充， 提供更有力的调查结果。这项研究是创新的，其重点是评估种族差异， 在AA和H/L中使用大麻的代际传播，两个NIH指定的健康差异 人口。这项研究也及时回应了迅速变化的政策环境， 青少年和成年人中的使用，以及种族/族裔群体之间日益扩大的差异， 种族/族裔群体代际吸毒情况。这些发现将为未来R 01的开发提供信息， 测试量身定制的战略，以防止青少年使用大麻和其他物质，并减少健康差距。 1

Project Summary Marijuana use among youth has been increasing, with considerably enlarged disparities across racial/ethnic groups. Racial minorities like African American (AA) adolescents are more likely to report marijuana use than their White peers. Marijuana use during adolescence can harm brain development and lead to other substance abuse and adverse health outcomes. In order to identify potential targets for interventions to reduce health disparities, there is a critical need to distinguish risk and protective factors for marijuana use that are specific to race and ethnicity. With a shifting legal environment for marijuana use in the United States and more adults supporting marijuana legalization, it is estimated that 8.2% of mothers and 9.6% of fathers living with adolescent offspring reported past-year marijuana use. The family environment is a major driver of youth development, and racial and ethnic families often experience greater exposure to systemic oppression (e.g., institutional and interpersonal racism, bias, and discrimination) and higher social inequality than their White peers, resulting in acute and chronic stress. Therefore, we hypothesize that parental marijuana use independently predicts offspring marijuana and other substance use, and intergenerational effects of marijuana use may be stronger among racial and ethnic families, especially among AA families. The overarching goal of this mixed-methods sequential explanatory study is to assess racial disparities in relationships between parental marijuana use and youth substance use. In Aim 1, we will leverage a longitudinally national survey with 5 waves of parent and offspring data (n≈3,272) to examine the intergenerational association between G1 marijuana use and subsequent G2 marijuana, vaping, tobacco, and other illicit drug use across distinct racial/ethnic groups (AAs, H/Ls vs. non-Hispanic Whites). In Aim 2, we will assess moderation and mediation effects from marijuana legalization status and other determinants (e.g., discrimination and psychological distress) across racial/ethnic groups. In Aim 3, we will conduct semi- structured interviews of parent marijuana users and their offspring (n≈96 each) to qualitatively examine the intersections of parent influences and policy change on youth substance use. Analyses of intergenerational and longitudinal surveys and semi-structured interviews will be fully integrated to complement each other and provide more robust findings. This study is innovative in its focus on assessing racial disparities in the intergenerational transmission of marijuana use in AAs and H/Ls, two NIH-designated health disparity populations. This study is also timely in responding to the rapidly shifting policy environment, rising marijuana use among youth and adults, and growing disparities by racial/ethnic group, with unknown etiology on the intergenerational drug use by racial/ethnic groups. The findings will inform the development of a future R01 to test tailored strategies to prevent youth marijuana and other substance use and reduce health disparities. 1