A community-centered collective efficacy intervention for prevention of community violence

暴力影响了太多青少年的生活轨迹，其中暴力暴露发生率最高 主要集中在城市青年中。为了响应RFA-CE-22-013，严格评估社区 以社区为中心的预防社区暴力的方法（U 01），本研究将通过一个集群评估- 随机对照试验，一种新的以社区为中心的干预措施，促进繁荣的有效性 减少社区暴力（第2类）。通过与社区合作的方式，我们将 实施社区复原力集体效能干预（CRCEI），让社区成员参与 关于繁荣、社区领导和组织社会变革的对话。促进讨论和协商， 在社区内组织有关儿童和青年茁壮成长的活动，预计将增加个人和 社区的集体效能水平，减少社区暴力。该提案来自SAM- HSA资助的匹兹堡社区复原力项目（H79 SM 084931），支持实施这一项目 以社区为中心的新方法。这项研究将首次对这一创新性的预处理技术进行严格的评估， 预防方法。该项目设置在城市，种族隔离的社区集中的残疾人， 宾夕法尼亚州匹兹堡市的Vantage。我们假设，共同创造繁荣环境的机会， 儿童和青年将提供一个具体的，以行动为重点的战略，以提高社区的弹性 受社区暴力影响最大的社区，并降低社区暴力发生率。拟议项目将 让不同的社区成员和合作者参与到社区水平高的城市社区中 暴力首先参加六个关于“儿童成长”的指导讨论，然后邀请参加 在为期6个月的集体效能干预，促进邻里水平的转变和一个共同的， 基于社区的项目。比较社区将接受健康教育会议作为对照干预- 是的。将采用分组随机对照设计（20个社区; 30名参与者/社区）， 评估社区康复和环境倡议对社区一级集体效能和社区暴力发生率的有效性（目的 1），和个人层面的集体效能和暴力暴露（目标2）。执行促进因素和障碍 将对个人和社区层面的情况进行评估，包括跟踪对干预的忠诚度和成本 与项目实施相关（目标3）。本项目的创新之处包括： 社区成员使用资产映射确定的教堂和图书馆等环境，培训设施， 来自重点社区的教师，以建立能力和可持续性，并将社区成员纳入 团队协作科学这将是第一次严格评估一个社区设计的，社区中心， 有限的集体效能干预旨在影响个人和社区的集体效能水平， 预计将减少多种形式暴力的保护因素。

Violence impacts the life trajectories of far too many adolescents, with the highest incidence of violence exposure concentrated among youth in urban settings. In response to RFA-CE-22-013, Rigorous Evaluation of Commu- nity-Centered Approaches for the Prevention of Community Violence (U01), this study will evaluate, via a cluster- randomized controlled trial, the effectiveness of a novel community-centered intervention that promotes thriving and resiliency to reduce community violence (CATEGORY 2). Using a community-partnered approach, we will implement a Community Resiliency Collective Efficacy Intervention (CRCEI) to engage community members in dialogue on thriving, community leadership, and organizing for social change. Facilitating discussion and con- sensus organizing within neighborhoods about child and youth thriving is expected to increase individual and neighborhood levels of collective efficacy and reduce community violence. The proposal emerges from a SAM- HSA-funded community resiliency project in Pittsburgh (H79SM084931) that supports implementation of this novel community-centered approach. This study will provide the first rigorous evaluation of this innovative pre- vention approach. The project is set in urban, racially-segregated neighborhoods with concentrated disad- vantage in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. We hypothesize that opportunities to co-create thriving environments for children and youth will provide a concrete, action-focused strategy for increasing resiliency in neighborhoods most impacted by community violence and reducing community rates of violence. The proposed project will engage diverse community members and collaborators in urban neighborhoods with high levels of community violence to first participate in six guided discussions about ‘child thriving’ followed by an invitation to participate in a 6-month-long collective efficacy intervention that promotes neighborhood-level transformation and a com- munity-based project. Comparison neighborhoods will receive health education sessions as a control interven- tion. A cluster-randomized controlled design (20 neighborhoods; 30 participants/neighborhood) will be used to assess effectiveness of CRCEI on neighborhood-level collective efficacy and rates of community violence (Aim 1), and individual-level collective efficacy and violence exposure (Aim 2). Implementation facilitators and barriers across individual and neighborhood level will be assessed, including tracking fidelity to intervention and costs associated with program implementation (Aim 3). Innovations of this project include implementing in trustworthy settings such as churches and libraries identified by community members using asset mapping, training facilita- tors from focus neighborhoods to build capacity and sustainability, and integrating community members into collaborative team science. This will be the first rigorous evaluation of a community-designed, community-cen- tered collective efficacy intervention intended to impact individual and neighborhood levels of collective efficacy, protective factors that are expected to reduce multiple forms of violence.