COVID Surveillance in South Dakota Wastewater and Clinical Samples

项目摘要 严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒-2(SARS-CoV-2)是导致 冠状病毒病2019年(新冠肺炎)大流行，目前已造成8100多万人 美国的疾病和996,000人死亡。中显示更改的变体 遗传性(Omicron变种)和症状严重程度(Delta变种)最近 出现了。这些变异对免疫和非免疫人群的影响仍然存在 未知。在南达科他州，SARS-CoV-2感染的浪潮自 大流行开始了，给我们的医疗基础设施带来了巨大的压力，特别是在 我们医疗服务不足的社区。直接回应特别关注通知 (NOSI)：对针对SARS-CoV-2的IDEA和NARCH计划进行紧急竞争性修订 监测研究，本刊建议扩大我们在SARS-CoV-2方面的工作 监视系统。具体地说，下一代测序将在临床和 加强我们的监测工作，包括在农村和城市地区 南达科他州。为了实现我们的研究目标，在南方收集了一部分临床样本 达科他州将每月进行排序，废水将补充这一点 在这些社区进行监控。这些序列将被用来确定 南达科他州各县的变种发病率与随时间推移的病例数量有关。这个 目标是确定SARS-CoV-2在农村和城市社区的暴发和变异转移2- 在住院人数激增之前的3周。这些发现将推动对传播的研究 以及SARS-CoV-2病毒在全州服务不足的社区中的演变。 通过这些努力，我们将提供有关正在传播的变种的关键信息 服务不足的中西部地区，预计#年旅游业将大幅增长 接下来的几个月。

Project Summary The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the cause of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic that has currently caused over 81 million illnesses and 996,000 deaths in the United States. Variants that show changes in transmissibility (Omicron variants) and symptom severity (Delta variants) have recently emerged. The impact of these variants on immune and non-immune populations remains unknown. Within South Dakota, waves in SARS-CoV-2 infections have occurred since the pandemic began, resulting in significant stress on our healthcare infrastructure, especially in our medically underserved communities. In direct response to the Notice of Special Interest (NOSI): Urgent Competitive Revisions to IDeA and NARCH Programs for SARS-CoV-2 Surveillance Studies, the current supplement proposes expanding our efforts in SARS-CoV-2 surveillance. Specifically, next-generation sequencing will be conducted on both clinical and wastewater samples to increase our surveillance efforts, including in rural and urban areas of South Dakota. To achieve our research goals, a subset of clinical samples collected in South Dakota will be sequenced each month and this will be complemented by wastewater surveillance in these communities. These sequences will be used to determine how the incidence of variants in South Dakota counties relates to the number of cases over time. The goal is to identify SARS-CoV-2 outbreaks and variant shifts in rural and urban communities 2- 3 weeks before surges in hospitalizations. These findings will advance research on the spread and evolution of the SARS-CoV-2 virus in underserved communities throughout the state. Through these efforts, we will provide critical information regarding circulating variants in areas of the underserved Midwest that are expected to see significant increases in tourism in the coming months.