Machine learning methods for identifying person-level mechanisms of alcohol use among sexual and gender minority intersections

这个独立之路奖的长期目标是支持候选人麦凯布博士 在建立一个独立的研究计划，并促进他过渡到一个独立的教师 研究立场。到目前为止，麦凯布博士的研究集中在1。改进定量方法， 成瘾研究; 2.）了解压力的个体差异，发展自我调节， 在性少数群体和非少数群体社区中与酒精使用的关联（Au）。麦凯布博士试图 扩大他在Au发展，少数民族压力理论的培训，并应用定量方法，以一个新的 强调交叉性和性和性别少数群体（SGM）Au风险，机器学习和多层次 方法学和影响Au差异的生态因素。这一长远目标将得以实现 通过一个五年的培训计划，包括精心挑选的导师团队以及有针对性的课程， 和实践培训经验。本研究的目的是：1）区分SGM亚群 以及对Au具有高风险的交叉点（例如，双性恋和跨性别者，有色人种的SGM年轻女性），2） 评估国家政策在缓和Au风险中的作用，以及3）描绘缓和剂和机制， 在冠状病毒大流行期间和之后，SGM人群的Au升高。指导阶段 (K99)将涉及我们所有研究计划（AURP）的横截面分析，一个大型（N= 331，360）和 不同的国家数据集。目标1将确定酒精和其他物质使用行为的异质性， 性（1a; n= 38，820非异性恋）和性别少数（1b; n= 2，660变性人或非二元） 社区.然后，它将测试种族/民族和年龄作为SGM不公平的交叉调节因素（1c）， 影响SGM社区的州级政策（1d;例如，列举SGM身份的仇恨犯罪法）， 进一步区分SGM组之间的Au风险。在独立阶段，调查结果将扩大到 在每月的AURP COVID-19参与者体验调查（Aim）中向Au的调解员和主持人致辞 2; n= 100，340）以及从大流行延续到2027年的纵向两年期AURP数据 (Aim 3）。目标2将测试大流行压力源作为SGM交叉点之间人与人之间Au的介质 (2a)并检查人内Au的交叉（2b）和多级调节器（2c）。目标3将测试 SGM交叉点之间Au大流行后恢复的差异（3a），并确定大流行 调解人（3b）和主持人（3c）的这一变化。调查结果将作为NIAAA R 01的基础 在R 00阶段提交的文件侧重于影响发展的地理编码的邻里因素 在SGM交叉点的青春期和青年期的酒精风险。导师（Rhew博士、Lee博士、 Helm）和顾问（Grimm，Bauer，Raifman博士）致力于候选人的培训，每人提供 研究和培训计划的独特专业知识。该奖项将支持候选人的发展， 独立跨学科预防科学家在Au差距和定量方法。

The long-term objective of this Pathway to Independence Award is to support candidate Dr. McCabe in building an independent research program and to facilitate his transition into an independent faculty research position. To date, Dr. McCabe’s research has focused on 1.) refining quantitative methods applied in addictions research, and 2.) understanding individual differences in stress, developing self-regulation, and their associations with alcohol use (AU) among sexual minority and non-minority communities. Dr. McCabe seeks to expand his training in AU development, minority stress theory, and applied quantitative methods to a new emphasis on intersectionality and sexual and gender minority (SGM) AU risk, machine learning and multilevel methodologies, and ecological factors influencing AU disparities. This long-term objective will be achieved through a five-year training plan involving a carefully selected mentorship team as well as targeted coursework and hands-on training experiences. The goals of the proposed research are to 1) distinguish SGM subgroups and intersections at heightened risk for AU (e.g., bisexuals and trans persons, SGM young women of color), 2) assess the role of state policies in moderating AU risk, and 3) delineate moderators and mechanisms of heightened AU across SGM populations within and beyond the coronavirus pandemic. The mentored phase (K99) will involve cross-sectional analysis of the All of Us Research Program (AURP), a large (N=331,360) and diverse national dataset. Aim 1 will identify heterogeneity in alcohol and other substance use behaviors among sexual (1a; n=38,820 non-heterosexual) and gender minority (1b; n=2,660 transgender or nonbinary) communities. It will then test race/ethnicity and age as intersectional moderators of SGM inequities (1c) and state-level policies impacting SGM communities (1d; e.g., hate crime laws enumerating SGM identity) that further differentiate AU risk among SGM groups. During the independent phase, findings will be extended to address mediators and moderators of AU in the monthly AURP COVID-19 Participant Experience Survey (Aim 2; n=100,340) as well as the longitudinal, biennial AURP data that extends beyond the pandemic into 2027 (Aim 3). Aim 2 will test pandemic stressors as mediators of between-person AU among SGM intersections (2a) and examine intersectional (2b) and multilevel moderators (2c) of within-person AU. Aim 3 will test differences in post-pandemic recovery in AU among SGM intersections (3a) and determine pandemic mediators (3b) and moderators (3c) of this change. Findings will serve as the foundation for an NIAAA R01 submission during the R00 phase focused on geocoded neighborhood-level factors influencing developing alcohol risk across adolescence and young adulthood across SGM intersections. Mentors (Drs. Rhew, Lee, Helm) and consultants (Drs. Grimm, Bauer, Raifman) are committed to the candidate’s training, each providing unique expertise to the research and training plan. This award will support the candidate’s development as an independent cross-disciplinary prevention scientist in AU disparities and quantitative methods.