Cell type-specific complement activation and glial reactivity in male and female mice with dietary obesity

项目摘要 神经炎症是肥胖症和痴呆症的共同特征，但引发和延续的过程 神经胶质的反应性还不清楚。最近的几项研究，包括我们实验室的研究， 级联连接外周和中央炎症在男性肥胖，但易受肥胖诱导 代谢病理学具有性别二态性，对神经炎症的易感性遵循类似的模式。成人 女性表现出更强的先天免疫力，临床和实验研究的证据表明， 二型性涉及补体激活的性别差异。然而，目前对组织的理解- 由于缺乏细胞类型特异性补体激活的方法， 操纵为此，我们产生了可诱导的，细胞类型特异性缺失的转基因小鼠。 内源性补体抑制剂Crry，并将使用该模型来区分靶细胞和“旁观者” 成年人大脑中的种群。在确定补体的选择性激活是否足以 神经炎症，我们将研究性二型补体激活的作用，作为一种机制， 不同的脆弱性突触和行为功能障碍的肥胖饮食。这些主题将是 使用最先进的方法解决，包括新开发的高通量策略 在清除的脑中胶质细胞的形态计量分析和胶质基因表达的区域特异性操作。

PROJECT SUMMARY Neuroinflammation is a shared feature of obesity and dementia, but the processes that initiate and perpetuate glial reactivity are not well understood,. Several recent studies, including from our lab, have outlined signaling cascades linking peripheral and central inflammation in obesity in males, but vulnerability to obesity-induced metabolic pathology is sexually dimorphic, and susceptibility to neuroinflammation follows similar patterns. Adult females exhibit stronger innate immunity, and evidence from clinical and experimental studies suggests that this dimorphism involves sex differences in activation of complement. However, current understanding of tissue- specific complement activation remains rudimentary due to the scarcity of approaches for cell type-specific manipulation. To this end, we generated transgenic mice with inducible, cell type-specific deletion of the endogenous complement inhibitor Crry, and will use this model to distinguish between target cells and 'bystander' populations in the adult brain. After determining whether selective activation of complement is sufficient for neuroinflammation, we will examine the role of sexually dimorphic complement activation as a mechanism for differential vulnerability to synaptic and behavioral dysfunction on obesogenic diets. These themes will be addressed using state-of-the-art methodology, including newly developed strategies for high-throughput morphometric analysis of glial cells in cleared brains and region-specific manipulation of glial gene expression.