Neuro-CROWN:Optimized Ultra-Flexible CMOS Electrode Arrays for 3D, Low-Noise Neural Interfaces

项目总结/摘要 本项目的目的是优化有源电极阵列的电路和系统架构， 提供来自数千个电极的神经信号的低噪声、多路复用采集。我们将减少噪音 通过利用新颖的电流感测电路方法和新的复用策略，例如码分复用（Code-Division 多址接入（CDMA）。我们还将采用新的系统级去噪方法，使用克里金。最后我们 将展示我们的低噪声，有源阵列使用一个独特的，超灵活的3D神经接口范例： Neuro-CROWN：基于CMOS的、支持滚动的、低噪声神经电子学。这些电极阵列包括 成千上万的电极可用于记录和刺激，使研究，需要 记录来自啮齿动物和非人类灵长类动物（NHP）的多个大皮层区域的细胞规模。的 电极阵列极薄（<25 µm）且灵活，并且以非穿透性和3D方式制造 穿透配置，其中后者将由2D软电极的简单且独特的轧制形成 阵列（ROSE）方法。放大器和多路复用器直接集成到电极阵列中， 制造的硅晶体管，智能联合收割机在阵列内组合信号， 电极可能具有少于20个多路复用外部导线连接。接口数量少 电线有助于长期植入的自由行为动物的长期实验， 无线集成电极阵列将使用完整的生产线大量生产（3800件器械/运行） X工厂的晶圆通过利用具有成本效益的制造工艺，每个电极的原材料成本 数组将是~ 10美元，不包括后处理劳动力，这将是由这个程序提供。 我们的传播计划将使设备广泛提供给大量的最终用户。我们有 以前向大约10个实验室传播的早期技术现在正在扩大规模以传播该技术 100个实验室根据我们在此次传播工作中收到的反馈，具有高SNR的神经接口 和三维测量是至关重要的神经科学研究，激励这个项目。我们 在这项努力中，我将向至少10个实验室传播这项新技术，并向神经科学界征求意见 逍遥法外我们将通过神经科学学会（SfN）会议上的研讨会征求最终用户的反馈 并利用这些反馈来塑造我们的设备设计。 该项目旨在使BRAIN Initiative研究人员和更广泛的神经科学界能够 在动物模型中进行大规模的记录。此外，这项技术所带来的研究将是 能够在未来迅速转化为人类，通过我们团队的平行，单独资助的努力， 将主动多路复用电极阵列用于人类。

Project Summary / Abstract The purpose of this project is to optimize circuit and system architectures of active electrode arrays which will provide low-noise, multiplexed acquisition of neural signals from thousands of electrodes. We will reduce noise by exploiting a novel current-sensing circuit approach and new multiplexing strategies, such as Code-Division Multiple Access (CDMA). We will also apply novel system level de-noising approaches using kriging. Finally, we will demonstrate our low noise, active arrays using a unique, ultra-flexible 3D neural interface paradigm: Neuro-CROWN: CMOS-based, ROlling-enabled, loW-noise Neuroelectronics. These electrode arrays include thousands of electrodes that can be used for both recording and stimulation, enabling studies that require recordings from multiple, large cortical regions in rodents and non-human primates (NHP) at cellular scale. The electrode arrays are extremely thin (<25 µm) and flexible, and are made in both non-penetrating and 3D penetrating configurations, of which the latter will be formed from a simple and unique rolling of 2D soft electrode array (ROSE) method. Amplifiers and multiplexers integrated directly into the electrode array, using commercially fabricated silicon transistors, intelligently combine signals inside the array so that recording from up to 4,096 electrodes is possible with fewer than 20 multiplexed external wire connections. The small number of interface wires facilitates long-term experiments in chronically-implanted, freely-behaving animals and eases future wireless integration. The electrode arrays will be manufactured in large quantities (3800 devices / run) using full wafers at X-fab. By leveraging a cost-effective manufacturing process, the raw materials cost of each electrode array will be ~$10, excluding post processing labor which will be supplied by this program. Our dissemination program will make device broadly available to a large cohort of end users. We have previously disseminated early-stage technology to ~10 labs are now scaling up to disseminate that technology to ~100 labs. Based on feedback we received during this dissemination effort, neural interfaces with high SNR and 3-dimensional measurement are critically important to neuroscience research, motivating this project. We will disseminate this new technology to at least 10 labs in this effort, solicited from the neuroscience community at large. We will solicit end user feedback through a workshop at the Society for Neuroscience (SfN) meeting and use this feedback to shape our device designs. This project seeks to enable BRAIN Initiative investigators and the broader neuroscience community to perform very large-scale recordings in animal models. Further, the research enabled by this technology will be able to be rapidly translated to humans in the future, through parallel, separately-funded efforts by our team to bring actively-multiplexed electrode arrays to human use.