The impact of longitudinal social networks on young adult substance use and misuse

项目摘要/摘要 青少年药物使用是成年期吸毒过量和死亡的最强预测因素之一。 然而，大多数主动使用烟草、酒精、大麻和其他药物的人没有报告 在生命过程的后期使用有问题的物质。促进健康的物质使用轨迹和 预防吸毒的社会传染，要找出增加青少年的关键因素 人们在成年后使用有问题的药物的几率。在以前的研究中，同伴的特征和关系 已成为短期内物质使用和滥用的重要预测指标。然而，这条线路 研究还没有考虑青少年同伴网络结构以及它们随时间的稳定性是如何进行的 对整个生命过程中物质使用和滥用模式的影响。建议的研究目标 通过利用促进学校-社区合作伙伴关系的数据来解决这一差距 恢复力(繁荣)研究。Prosper是一项大型纵向研究，跟踪调查了来自 美国农村社区的青春期到成年期，这一人群在物质使用方面仍未得到充分研究 研究。通过一项与PROSPER数据进行数据匹配的倡议，拟议的项目将制定一个 友谊网络数据集涵盖了从青春期早期到成年初期的一段独特的长时间。 由此产生的联系将允许分析关于物质滥用的新的研究问题，网络 结构，并在向成年过渡期间保持稳定。此外，我们还将能够研究这些 关系因个人人口统计特征(例如，性别、性取向)和网络而异 定义青年的学校-社区背景的过程(例如，物质使用者的受欢迎程度)，这将 通过最先进的统计方法进行量化。我们将通过两个具体的途径来实现这些目标 目标。目标1评估了一个理论知情的模型，该模型检查了引导青少年 友谊关系会影响青少年对物质的使用和滥用。目标2考虑年轻人是否 更有可能根据间接关系的宏观结构和 更广泛的青少年友谊网络背景。在这两个目标中，我们还将考虑如何实现这些 关系的不同取决于年轻人是维持还是结束了他们的青春期友谊 高中毕业。这些二次分析的结果将加深我们对风险因素的了解 在整个生命过程中与物质的使用和滥用有关。此外，我们的发现将有助于指导 确定未来干预措施的最佳网络目标，旨在减少长期的、有问题的 青壮年人群的物质使用情况。根据我们的结果，预防项目将能够 利用健康的社会关系，阻止形成高风险的关系，这将增强他们的 预防未来与药物使用行为有关的流行病的能力。

PROJECT SUMMARY / ABSTRACT Adolescent substance use is one of the strongest predictors of drug overdose and death during adulthood. However, most individuals who initiate tobacco, alcohol, marijuana, and other drug use do not report problematic substance use at later points in the life course. To promote healthy substance use trajectories and prevent the social contagion of substance use, it is necessary to identify key factors that increase young people’s odds of problematic use in adulthood. In previous research, peer characteristics and relationships have emerged as important predictors of substance use and misuse in the short term. However, this line of work has yet to consider how adolescent peer network structures, as well as their stability over time, carry implications for patterns of substance use and misuse throughout the life course. The proposed research aims to address this gap by leveraging data from the Promoting School-Community Partnerships to Enhance Resilience (PROSPER) study. PROSPER is a large longitudinal study that followed individuals from adolescence to adulthood in rural US communities, a population that remains understudied in substance use research. Through a data matching initiative with the PROSPER data, the proposed project will develop a friendship network dataset across a uniquely long period of time from early adolescence to young adulthood. The resulting linkages will allow for the analysis of new research questions about substance misuse, network structure, and tie stability during the transition to adulthood. In addition, we will be able to examine how these relationships vary according to individual demographic characteristics (e.g., gender, sexuality) and the network processes that define a youth’s school-community context (e.g., the popularity of substance users), which will be quantified through state-of-the-art statistical methods. We will achieve these goals through two specific aims. Aim 1 evaluates a theoretical-informed model that examines the extent to which direct adolescent friendship ties impact substance use and misuse in young adulthood. Aim 2 considers whether young adults are more likely to report substance use and misuse according to macro-structures of indirect ties and the broader contexts of their adolescent friendship networks. Across both aims, we will also consider how these relationships vary according to whether young people maintain or dissolve their adolescent friendships after leaving high school. Results from these secondary analyses will enhance our understanding of the risk factors associated with substance use and misuse throughout the life course. Additionally, our findings will help guide the identification of optimal network targets for future interventions that aim to reduce long-term, problematic substance use in young adult populations. Informed by our results, prevention programs will be able to leverage healthy social ties and discourage the formation of high-risk relationships, which will enhance their ability to prevent future epidemics related to substance use behaviors.