Advancing primate models of human auditory cognitive control

摘要 开发更强大的灵长类听觉认知控制模型对 促进对人类认知和神经系统潜在能力的理解 沟通。有效的模型取决于对这些系统哪些方面的识别 存在于猴子体内。这项工作的长期目标是更好地理解两国关系 人类和灵长类的听觉认知控制之间的关系，增强灵长类的效用 听觉沟通障碍研究的模型。这样做的总体目标是 应用是识别人类听觉认知控制的某些方面，这些方面可以 以灵长类动物为模型。核心的工作假设是，相同的实验技术 用来建立视觉认知控制也可以解释听觉认知的组成部分 控制力。其基本原理是灵长类动物听觉认知控制的有效行为模式是 为相关神经系统的研究奠定基础，并最终开发和测试 针对患有沟通障碍的个人的新治疗方法。中心假设将是 通过实现三个特定目标进行测试：(1)使用对工作有诊断作用的测试 记忆，以确定人类听觉工作记忆的哪些组成部分可以建模 恒河猴，(2)评估听觉注意和决策的认知控制 猴子，以及(3)评估听觉认知控制的假定神经基础 对人类、猩猩和猴子的比较研究。对于第一个目标，是否 对在听觉工作记忆中从事信息主动维护的猴子进行测试 在听觉记忆测试中使用相互竞争的认知负荷和定向遗忘操作。 对于第二个目标，将使用以下任务来评估听觉注意力的控制 灵活聚焦听觉注意力，过滤听觉干扰物。认知控制 将使用适应性信息搜索测试对决策进行评估。对于第三个目标， 将对猴子、猩猩和人类的听觉认知能力进行比较 评估这些技能与背侧听觉扩大之间的假定相关性 路径。这项拟议的研究是创新的，因为它使用了新颖的听觉工作测试 记忆、注意力控制和适应性决策明确地分离了这些 来自非受控、被动或自动机制的过程。这项工作还实现了 使用等值测试对灵长类动物听觉记忆的系统比较。这个 拟议的研究具有重要意义，因为它有望为未来提供坚实的基础 使用已证实的灵长类动物模型对听觉沟通障碍的生物医学研究。

Abstract The development of more powerful primate models of auditory cognitive control is critical for advancing understanding of the cognitive and neural systems underlying the capacity for human communication. Valid models depend on identification of which aspects of these systems are present in monkeys. The long-term goal of this work is to better understand the relations between auditory cognitive control in humans and primates, enhancing the utility of primate models for research on auditory-communicative disorders. The overall objective of this application is to identify some aspects of auditory cognitive control in humans that can be modeled in primates. The central working hypothesis is that the same experimental techniques used to establish visual cognitive control can also elucidate components of auditory cognitive control. The rationale is that valid behavioral models of auditory cognitive control in primates are foundational for studies of the relevant neural systems, and ultimately for developing and testing novel treatments for individuals with communication disorders. The central hypothesis will be tested by accomplishing three specific aims: (1) Use tests that are diagnostic of working memory to determine which components of human auditory working memory can be modeled in rhesus monkeys, (2) Assess cognitive control of auditory attention and decision-making in monkeys, and (3) Evaluate a putative neural substrate of auditory cognitive control using comparative studies across humans, orangutans, and monkeys. For the first aim, whether monkeys engage in active maintenance of information in auditory working memory will be tested using competing cognitive load and directed forgetting manipulations in auditory memory tests. For the second aim, control of auditory attention will be evaluated using tasks that require flexibly focusing auditory attention and filtering auditory distractors. Cognitive control of decision-making will be evaluated using tests of adaptive information-seeking. For the third aim, auditory cognitive abilities will be compared across monkeys, orangutans, and humans to evaluate the putative correlation between these skills and expansion of the dorsal auditory pathway. The proposed research is innovative because it uses novel tests of auditory working memory, attentional control, and adaptive decision-making that specifically dissociate these processes from non-controlled, passive, or automatic mechanisms. The work also achieves a systematic comparison of auditory memory across primates using equivalent tests. The proposed research is significant because it is expected to provide a robust foundation for future biomedical research on auditory-communicative deficits using proven primate models.