How Emotion Affects Memory for Detail: Behavioral and Neuroimaging Investigations

描述（由申请人提供）：认知神经科学研究极大地促进了我们对认知和神经过程的理解，这些过程是成功编码和检索信息的基础。然而，这项研究的大部分都是在有意选择不引起情绪反应的刺激下进行的。但在我们的日常生活中，许多经历都充满了情感重要性和个人意义：我们收到同事的赞美，或者我们目睹了一场车祸。本研究的广泛目标是研究信息的情感内容如何影响记忆形成过程中参与的认知和神经过程。人们经常声称对情感事件记得非常详细。例如，几乎每个人都声称记得细节，比如当肯尼迪遇刺时他们在哪里，他们在做什么（Winograd & Killinger, 1983）。然而，关于这些主观报告是否符合情感长期记忆的客观准确性，存在广泛的争论。拟议的研究将检查情绪对记忆准确性的影响（具体目标1），并通过行为测试和神经成像（功能性磁共振成像）方法的结合，将检查认知（具体目标2）和神经（具体目标3）过程，这些过程是我们对情感相关信息的记忆的基础。公共健康相关性：通过解决关于情绪对记忆影响的核心问题，提出的研究将深入了解记忆是如何在日常生活的情绪背景下形成的。这一知识很可能为在情感障碍（如抑郁、焦虑或创伤后应激障碍）中观察到的记忆障碍和偏见提供洞见。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Cognitive neuroscience research has greatly advanced our understanding of the cognitive and neural processes that underlie the successful encoding and retrieval of information. The bulk of this research, however, has been conducted with stimuli intentionally chosen to elicit no emotional responses. But in our daily lives, many experiences are infused with emotional importance and personal significance: We receive a compliment from a coworker, or we witness a car crash. The broad goal of the research proposed in this application is to examine how the emotional content of information affects the cognitive and neural processes engaged during memory formation. Individuals often claim to remember emotional events with tremendous detail. For example, nearly everyone claims to remember details such as where they were and what they were doing when J.F.K. was shot (Winograd & Killinger, 1983). There has been extensive debate, however, about whether these subjective reports correspond with the objective accuracy of emotional long-term memories. The proposed research will examine the effects of emotion on memory accuracy (Specific Aim 1) and, through a combination of behavioral testing and neuroimaging (functional magnetic resonance imaging) approaches will examine the cognitive (Specific Aim 2) and neural (Specific Aim 3) processes that underlie our memories for information with emotional relevance. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: By addressing core questions with regard to emotion's effect on memory, the proposed research will provide insight into how memory formation occurs within the emotional context of everyday life. This knowledge is likely to provide insight into the memory disorders and biases observed in affective disorders, such as depression, anxiety, or Post Traumatic Stress Disorder.