Drinking Patterns at Clubs: Using Oral Assays and Portal Methodology

描述(由申请人提供)：本申请涉及广泛的挑战领域(06)：使能技术，以及具体的挑战主题06-AA-108：饮酒模式分析的创新技术。使用一种创新的技术来评估饮酒模式(口头测试)，这一应用程序的目的是将俱乐部作为特定的生态环境来检查，以评估饮酒模式和相关的危险行为。俱乐部的设置吸引了工作但不在大学的年轻人(大约三分之一的参与者在大学)，从而允许我们在难以接触到年轻人的高风险生态时刻测量年轻人的饮酒模式。具体目标是：(1)确定在存在和不存在其他物质的情况下，个人和群体特征对饮酒的贡献和相互作用，以及进出口处的模式(通过生物测定来衡量)。饮酒模式被定义为入口/出口的饮酒量(通过生物测定来衡量)、在俱乐部饮酒的意图以及在入口/出口感知的醉酒水平。个人特征包括人口统计、一生和最近的吸毒史、经常饮酒模式以及参加俱乐部的规律。群体特征包括群体构成、群体饮酒模式、群体吸毒模式、群体指定司机。(2)确定关于出口饮酒模式的自我报告相对于出口酒精使用的生物测试的准确性，并审查伴随的药物使用、个人和群体特征与这种准确性相关的程度。(3)查明在入境时测量的个人饮酒意图在多大程度上能够准确预测出境饮酒模式，以及伴随的药物使用、个人和群体特征在多大程度上与这一准确性有关。使用门户网站的方法，我们将在顾客接近俱乐部时随机抽样，并在他们进入和离开俱乐部时匿名收集数据。通过在俱乐部12个月的多个高出席率晚上(周四、周五、周六)抽样，我们将能够包括来自不同背景的足够数量的小组(N=360)，估计N为864人。通过从群体中收集信息，可以分析数据，以确定群体如何影响经常参加俱乐部的年轻人在晚上的饮酒模式。这些发现将为制定减少俱乐部环境中酒精使用的环境战略提供一个框架。此外，这项研究将为我们提供关于群体行为的有价值的数据，这些数据将作为为参加俱乐部的群体制定简短的预防策略的基础。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This application addresses broad Challenge Area (06): Enabling Technologies, and specific Challenge Topic, 06-AA-108: Innovative Technologies for Drinking Pattern Analysis. Using an innovative technique to assess drinking patterns (oral assays), the purpose of this application is to examine the club as a specific ecological context to assess drinking patterns and related risky behaviors. The club setting attracts young adults who are working and not in college (approximately one-third of attendees are in college) and thus allows us to measure drinking patterns at high-risk ecological moments for young adults in hard to reach young adults. The specific aims are: (1) To determine the contribution and interaction of personal and group characteristics on drinking and patterns at entrance and exit (as measured by biological assays), both in the presence and absence of other substances. Drinking patterns are defined as amount of alcohol consumed at entrance/exit (measured by biological assays), intentions to drink in the club, and perceived level of intoxication at entrance/exit. Personal characteristics include demographics, lifetime and recent history of drug use, usual drinking patterns, and regularity of club attendance. Group characteristics include composition of group, group drinking patterns, group drug use patterns, and designated driver in group. (2) To determine the accuracy of self-reports of drinking patterns at exit, relative to biological assays of alcohol use at exit, and examine the extent to which concomitant drug use, individual and group characteristics relate to this accuracy. (3)To identify the extent that individual drinking intentions, as measured on entry, accurately predict exit drinking patterns, and the extent to which concomitant drug use, individual and group characteristics, relate to this accuracy. Using portal methodology, we will be randomly sampling groups of patrons as they approach the club and collecting data anonymously as they enter and exit the club. By sampling multiple high attendance evenings (Thursday, Friday, Saturday) over the course of 12 months in clubs, we will be able to include sufficient numbers of groups (N=360) from various contexts with an estimated N of 864 individuals. By collecting information from the group, data can be analyzed to determine how groups influence the drinking patterns over the course of the evening for young adults who frequent clubs. These findings will provide a framework for developing environmental strategies to reduce alcohol use in the club settings. In addition, this study will provide us with valuable data about group behaviors that will serve as a basis for developing a brief prevention strategy for groups attending clubs.