Measuring Student Exposure to ETS and College Receptivity to Environmental Change

描述(由申请人提供)：这项研究的目标是进行试点研究，为开发一项随机的校园/社区试验提供信息，以减少大学生吸烟和接触二手烟。这项试验将建立在预防酒精相关后果研究(SPARC)中使用的方法的成功基础上，SPARC是一项由10所学校组成的随机试验，旨在改变大学校园和周围社区的文化和环境，以减少大学生中高风险饮酒和酒精相关后果。 该项目的第一个具体目标是收集和分析数据，以便为试验的干预设计提供信息。为了实现这一目标，我们将对北卡罗来纳州、南卡罗来纳州、田纳西州和弗吉尼亚州的54所学院和大学的大学管理人员进行基于网络的调查。我们还将对管理人员和大学生中的一小部分人进行关键线人访谈。调查和采访的结果将为如何向大学管理者阐述这个问题提供洞察力，确定选择要纳入试验的学校的标准，并确定大学管理者可能愿意在校园内实施的政策和做法。 第二个具体目标是开发大学生二手烟暴露的系统评估方法。将使用两种方法来测量空气质量。首先是微环境室内空气质量监测，包括测量大学校园内和周围可能有大学生居住的特定场馆的空气质量。第二种方法是个人空气监测，包括对大学生日常生活中的空气质量进行连续测量。这将使我们能够估计平均每天接触二手烟的情况，以及经常光顾不同类型的场地与学生接触二手烟的关系。它还将使我们能够估计学生内部和校园内的班级内相关系数，以计算后续随机校园/社区试验所需的样本量。 这项研究的创新之处包括侧重于中学后环境，评估大学对环境方法的接受程度，以及测量大学生接触二手烟的情况，这是以前从未尝试过的。项目叙事：大学生吸烟是一个重要的公共卫生问题。尽管青少年的吸烟率有所下降，但大学生的吸烟率在20世纪90年代大幅上升，并在最近几年保持稳定。这项研究的目标是进行试点研究，为开发一项随机试验提供信息，以减少大学生中的烟草使用和二手烟暴露。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The goal of this study is to conduct pilot research that will inform the development of a randomized campus/community trial to reduce college student smoking and exposure to secondhand smoke. The trial will build on the success of the approach used in the Study to Prevent Alcohol-Related Consequences (SPARC), a 10-school randomized trial to change the culture and environment on the college campus and surrounding community to reduce high-risk drinking and alcohol-related consequences among college students. The first specific aim of this project is to collect and analyze data that will inform the design of the intervention for the trial. To achieve this aim, we will develop and implement a web-based survey of college administrators from 54 colleges and universities in North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, and Virginia. We will also conduct key informant interviews with a smaller sample of administrators and college students. Results from the survey and interviews will provide insight as to how to frame the problem to college administrators, identify criteria on which to select schools to be included in the trial, and identify policies and practices that college administrators may be willing to implement on their campus. The second specific aim is to develop methods for the systematic assessment of exposure to secondhand smoke among college students. Two methods will be used to measure air quality. The first is microenvironment indoor air quality monitoring, which involves measuring air quality in specific venues in and around the college campus that are likely to be populated by college students. The second approach, personal air monitoring, involves continuous measurement of air quality by a sample of college students throughout the course of their normal day. This will enable us to estimate average daily exposure to secondhand smoke, as well as the ways in which frequenting different kinds of venues is related to students' exposure. It will also enable us to estimate the within-student and within-campus intra-class correlation coefficients needed to calculate the sample size necessary for a follow-on randomized campus/community trial. Innovative features of the proposed study include its focus on the postsecondary setting, assessment of colleges' receptivity to an environmental approach, and measurement of exposure to secondhand smoke among college students, which has not been attempted previously.7. Project Narrative Tobacco use among college students is an important public health issue. Although smoking rates among adolescents have declined, smoking rates by college students rose dramatically during the 1990s and have remained stable in recent years. The goal of this study is to conduct pilot research that will inform the development of a randomized trial to reduce tobacco use and exposure to secondhand smoke among college students.