Macromolecular Diffraction Resource: MacCHESS

描述（由申请人提供）：MacCHESS是一个用于大分子晶体学的同步辐射研究资源，其总体目标是通过创新技术研发和用户支持推进结构生物学的前沿。MacCHESS利用了国家科学基金会对康奈尔高能同步加速器源（CHESS）和基本粒子物理实验室（LEPP）的投资，后者负责维护同步加速器辐射实验室，后者负责操作存储环。MacCHESS的技术发展是由核心和合作研究项目驱动的，涉及广泛的大分子。除了进行技术研发和核心研究外，MacCHESS还为大分子晶体学提供专业仪器，并为用户提供培训和支持。MacCHESS已成为世界上最具生产力的大分子晶体学机构之一，在过去的四年中，由于MacCHESS相关的技术研发，核心和合作研究和服务，发表了近400篇论文。其中超过23篇论文发表在高知名度期刊《科学》、《自然》和《细胞》上。三个国际象棋站，A-1， F-1和F-2，用于大分子晶体学实验。在接下来的五年里，MacCHESS的技术研发将集中在(1)微晶体学，(2)压力冷冻及其相关程序，(3)SAXS和包膜相位，(4)自动化和高通量，以及(5)一个新的长波晶体学站。每一项技术研发工作都是由合作研究人员提出的具有挑战性的问题所驱动的，这些研究人员研究分子的原子结构和当前对医学和生物学非常感兴趣的复合物，包括膜蛋白、信号蛋白复合物、核酸/蛋白质复合物、蛋白质药物相互作用和病毒。导致的技术发展

DESCRIPTION (provided by the applicant): MacCHESS, a synchrotron radiation Research Resource for macromolecular crystallography, has the overall goal of advancing the frontiers of structural biology through innovative technical research and development and user support. MacCHESS leverages the National Science Foundation investments in the Cornell High Energy Synchrotron Source (CHESS), which maintains the synchrotron radiation laboratory, and the Laboratory for Elementary Particle Physics (LEPP), which operates the storage ring. MacCHESS technical developments are driven by both core and collaborative research projects involving a broad range of macromolecules. In addition to performing technical R&D and core research, MacCHESS provides specialized instrumentation for macromolecular crystallography and a staff for user training and support. MacCHESS has established itself as one of the most productive facilities in the world for macromolecular crystallography with almost 400 papers published during the past four years as a result of MacCHESS related technical research and development, core and collaborative research and service. More than 23 of these papers were published in the high visibility journals, Science, Nature, and Cell. Three CHESS stations, A-1, F-1 and F-2, are used for macromolecular crystallography experiments. During the next five years, MacCHESS technical R&D will focus on (1) microcrystallography, (2) pressure crycooling and related procedures, (3) SAXS and envelope phasing, (4) automation and high-throughput, and (5) a new station for long wavelength crystallography. Each of these technical R&D efforts is driven by the challenging problems presented by collaborating investigators who study the atomic structure of molecules and complexes of great current interest to medicine and biology, including membrane proteins, signaling protein complexes, nucleic acid/protein complexes, protein drug interactions and viruses. Technical developments resulting from MacCHESS research are freely available to the scientific community and disseminated through meetings, workshops, publications, web distributions and collaborations with other synchrotron sources.