FASEB Summer Research Conference: The Biology of Calpains in Health and Disease

描述（由申请人提供）：FASEB计划于2010年7月召开夏季研究会议，主题为“健康与疾病中的calpain生物学”。这是第五次以加利福尼亚为重点的会议，将在亚利桑那州的无忧无虑举行。NIH的三个研究所正在申请资金，其中NINDS是主要的，NIA和NIAMS已经友好地同意接受关于该申请的次要任务。从这些研究所获得的资金将为会议提供部分支助。今年的会议将有两个主要重点；1)了解钙蛋白酶的生化特性，2)了解钙蛋白酶在各种疾病过程中的作用。会议安排了十场精彩的会议，包括：1)蛋白水解与细胞死亡——细胞死亡途径权威Doug Green博士的主题演讲；2)向动物科学中的达雷尔·戈尔和卡尔帕斯致敬。戈尔于2008年7月去世，他是研究肌肉和肌肉的主要研究者。他是第一个在骨骼肌和心肌中发现钙蛋白酶和钙pastatin的人，并发现钙蛋白酶在肌肉生长中的作用；3)挑战系统-评估敲除或过度表达个体calpain亚型或抑制剂calpastatin的影响；4)作用与调控——研究钙蛋白酶的生理作用和钙蛋白酶活性的调控；5)疾病中的异常作用——探讨钙蛋白酶在心脏肥大、阿尔茨海默病、帕金森病和寄生虫感染（包括疟疾）中的作用；6)结构和功能-检查肌肉主导的钙蛋白酶3亚型的分子相互作用和多种作用，以及运动后骨骼肌钙蛋白酶的激活；7)损伤与生物标志物——探讨钙蛋白酶和其他蛋白酶在神经元损伤中的作用；8)机制和抑制剂——钙蛋白酶和抑制剂的分子模型和相互作用，以及钙蛋白酶7的功能；9)非常规calpain6、真菌calpain7、植物calpaindek1；10)未来方向-钙蛋白酶底物的蛋白质组学鉴定和钙蛋白酶未来研究方向的小组讨论。关于钙痛的生物学会议与NIH高度相关，因为钙痛参与了正常和病理过程。管家蛋白的活动对所有组织中正常的蛋白质周转和细胞骨架蛋白和膜蛋白的加工都很重要。Calpain抑制是治疗急性中枢神经系统损伤、迟发性神经退行性疾病、某些形式的肌肉萎缩症、心脏肥厚、癌性细胞转化和转移、糖尿病和其他一些疾病的一种有希望的治疗方法。自上次calpain会议以来已经过去了三年，在基因组学、结构激活和疾病中的作用方面取得了实质性进展。拟议的方案将为维持这一领域的势头提供论坛。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): A FASEB summer research conference is planned for July 2010 entitled "Biology of Calpains in Health and Disease". This is the fifth such meeting focusing on calpains and it will be held in Carefree, Arizona. Funds are being requested from three NIH institutes that include NINDS as the primary, with NIA and NIAMS having kindly agreed to accept secondary assignments regarding this application. Funds obtained from these institutes will provide partial support for the meeting. The meeting this year will have two main emphases; 1) understanding the biochemical properties of calpains and 2) understanding the role of calpains in various disease processes. Ten stimulating sessions are planned for the meeting including 1) Proteolysis and Cell Death-Keynote talk by Dr. Doug Green, a leading authority on cell death pathways; 2) A Tribute to Darrel Goll and Calpains in Animal Science-Dr. Goll, who passed away in July 2008, was a leading investigator on calpains and muscle. He was the first to identify calpains and calpastatin in skeletal and cardiac muscle, and to identify the role of calpains in muscle growth; 3) Challenging the System-evaluating the impact of the knockout or overexpression of individual calpain isoforms or the inhibitor calpastatin; 4) Roles and Regulation-examining the physiological roles of calpains and regulation of calpain activity; 5) Aberrant Roles in Disease-Exploring the contributions of calpains to cardiac hypertrophy, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and parasitic infections including malaria; 6) Structure and Function- examining the molecular interactions and diverse roles of the muscle-predominant calpain 3 isoform, as well as the activation of calpains in skeletal muscle following exercise; 7) Injury and Biomarkers-discussing the roles of calpains and other proteases in neuronal injury; 8) Mechanisms and Inhibitors-the molecular modeling and interactions of calpains and inhibitors, as well as the function of calpain 7; 9) Unconventional Calpains-calpain 6, fungal calpain 7, and phytocalpain DEK1; and 10) Future Directions-proteomic identification of calpain substrates and a panel discussion on the future directions of calpain research. A meeting on the biology of the calpains is highly-relevant to the NIH because calpains are involved in both normal and pathological processes. The activities of the house- keeping calpains are important for normal protein turnover and processing of cytoskeletal and membrane proteins in all tissues. Calpain inhibition is a promising therapeutic for acute CNS insults, late-onset neurodegenerative disorders, some forms of muscular dystrophy, cardiac hypertrophy, oncogenic cell transformation and metastasis, diabetes, and several other disorders. Three years have passed since the last meeting on calpain and substantial progress on the genomics, structure activation and roles in disease have been made. The proposed program will provide the forum by which the momentum in this field may be maintained. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: A fifth FASEB summer conference focused on the topic of calpains is scheduled for July 2010 which will feature the latest advances in calpain research on both normal and pathological processes including acute CNS insults, late-onset neurodegenerative disorders, some forms of muscular dystrophy, cardiac hypertrophy, oncogenic cell transformation and metastasis, diabetes, and several other disorders. These conferences are held every three years, and there has been considerable progress on the biology of calpains since the previous 2007 meeting.