POROUS POLYMER RODS AS CHROMATOGRAPHIC OR REACTIVE MEDIA

描述(申请人提供)：这一续展方案旨在设计、制备和测试毛细管和薄层形式的全新整体柱，这将为生物活性分子的研究、分离、分离、检测和鉴定提供无与伦比的潜力，并使生命科学研究的丰富潜力得以充分发挥。新的整体柱和层将通过一种简单的自由基聚合过程来制备，该过程既包括热引发的也包括光化学引发的。我们的主要目标之一将是设计和开发适合于小分子分离的大孔整体柱，并使用牺牲支架方法在整个pH范围内保持稳定。另一个目标将涉及新型窄口径开管毛细管柱，内壁覆盖一层薄层多孔整体式聚合物。然后，毛细管整体柱的孔表面将直接用于高效分离，或通过紫外光引发的光接枝进行修饰，以纳入各种高密度、量身定制的功能，包括疏水、可电离和反应性基团。这些毛细管柱将专门设计用于在纳米LC模式下实现对困难的蛋白质和多肽混合物的非常高效的分离。最后，利用大孔聚合物薄层的薄层色谱和相关方法的新途径将集中在新的极薄的薄层上，用于多肽和蛋白质等生物大分子的一维和二维分离以及使用MALDI-TOF MS直接检测它们。流动相将受到毛细管力、压力和/或电渗透流动的驱动。为了在不需要低分子基质的情况下实现MALDI检测中型和大分子，这项建议还瞄准了薄层的开发，包括专门设计的具有增强生物样品解吸和电离功能的单体。这些整体式平板将使用共聚和光接枝技术来制备。在质谱仪中直接使用这些板将简化和加速蛋白质组学研究。总体而言，我们的目标是扩大单片材料的应用范围，为它们在新应用中提供增强的性能和意想不到的能力，并展示其在各个领域的巨大潜力。 这项拟议的研究侧重于开发作为分离介质、吸附剂和支持的整体聚合物，为使用越来越少的复杂样品执行越来越苛刻的分离的科学家以及设计先进分离装置的工程师提供真正的好处。我们的结果还可用于设计新的分离和检测设备，适用于分离非常复杂的样本，如蛋白质组、生化分析，以及直接影响负担得起的医疗保健的疾病的早期诊断。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This continuation proposal aims at the design, preparation, and testing of completely new monolithic columns in capillary and thin layer formats that will provide unmatched potential for the study, isolation, separation, detection, and identification of biologically active molecules and enable to fully exploit the rich potential of studies in the life sciences. The new monolithic columns and layers will be prepared via a simple free radical polymerization process initiated both thermally and photochemically. One of our main targets will be design and development of macroporous monolithic column suitable for the separation of small molecules and stable in the entire pH range using a sacrificial scaffold approach. Another target will involve novel narrow bore open tubular capillary columns with inner walls covered with a thin layer of porous monolithic polymer. The pore surface of the capillary monolithic columns will then be used directly for high efficiency separations, or modified through UV initiated photografting to incorporate a wide variety of high-density, tailor-made functionalities including hydrophobic, ionizable, and reactive groups. These capillary columns will be specifically designed to achieve the very high efficiency separations of difficult protein and peptide mixtures in nano LC mode. Finally, new approaches to thin layer chromatography and related methods making use of macroporous polymer thin layers will focus on new, extremely thin layers for the 1-D and 2-D separations of biomacromolecules such as peptides and proteins and their direct detection using MALDI-TOF MS. The mobile phase will be driven by capillary forces, pressure, and/or electroosmotic flow. In order to achieve MALDI detection of midsize and large molecules without the need for a low molecular weight matrix, this proposal also targets the development of thin layers including specifically designed monomers carrying functionalities enhancing desorption and ionization of biological samples. These monolithic plates will be prepared using both copolymerization and photografting techniques. Direct use of these plates in mass spectrometer will simplify and accelerate proteomic research. Overall, our targets are to extend the applications of monolithic materials providing them with both enhanced performance and unexpected capabilities in new applications and to demonstrate their vast potential in various areas. This proposed research focuses on the development of monolithic polymers that will serve as separation media, adsorbents, and supports providing real benefits to both the scientists who perform ever more demanding separations with ever smaller amounts of complex samples as well as the engineers who design advanced separation units. Our results can also be used for the engineering of new separation and detection devices suitable for separation of very complex samples such as proteomes, in biochemical assays, and in early diagnostics of diseases with direct impact on affordable health care.