The Impact of Environmental Conditions on the Productivity of Agricultural Worker

说明(申请人提供)：虽然污染对人类健康的影响已经得到很好的证实，但由于缺乏数据，了解各种影响的努力一直受到限制。这项应用试图通过关注工人生产率来填补这项研究中的一个重要空白，这是对环境政策分析和设计中通常被忽视的多种发病渠道的影响的简明总结。这项应用的主要目的是考察环境条件对农业工人生产力的影响。使用一个新的纵向数据集，该数据集包含农业工人每日收获率的详细信息，与每日臭氧和温度测量相关联，将估计将温度和臭氧与工人生产率联系起来的统计模型。农业工人的使用将限制对污染测量的担忧，因为工人对其暴露的自由裁量权有限，随着时间的推移跟踪工人能够通过使用工人固定效应来控制不变的工人特定特征。申请的次要目的将探索缓和环境条件和工人生产率之间关系的因素，如工人经验、年龄和性别，以及通过先前暴露的适应。通过估计这些因素与环境条件相互作用的模型，这一目标的结果将有助于进一步阐明臭氧和温度影响个人的一些渠道。鉴于工人生产率对经济的重要性，即使是微小的影响，当整个经济累积起来时，也可能转化为巨大的损失。因此，这些分析对臭氧和气候变化政策的设计及其分布影响具有重要影响。 与公共健康相关：环境法规的主要目标是保护人类健康，目前的法规要求全面了解污染对健康的影响。通过研究环境条件对农业工人生产力的影响，我们的项目提供了一种简明的总结措施，衡量了在环境政策分析和设计中通常被忽视的多种发病渠道的影响。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): While the effects of pollution on human health have been well established, efforts to understand the full range of impacts have been limited by a paucity of data. This application attempts to fill an important gap in this research by focusing on worker productivity, a succinct summary measure of the impacts of multiple morbidity channels that are typically overlooked in the analyses and design of environmental policy. The primary aim of this application will examine the impacts of environmental conditions on the productivity of agricultural workers. Using a novel longitudinal dataset with detailed information on daily harvest rates of agricultural workers linked to daily ozone and temperature measurements, statistical models that relate temperature and ozone to worker productivity will be estimated. The use of agricultural workers will limit pollution measurement concerns because workers have limited discretion over their exposure, and following workers over time enables opportunities to control for time invariant worker specific characteristics through the use of worker fixed effects. The secondary aim of the application will explore factors that moderate the relationship between environmental conditions and worker productivity, such as worker experience, age, and gender as well as adaptation via prior exposures. By estimating models that interact these factors with environmental conditions, the results from this aim will help to further elucidate some of the channels through which ozone and temperature impact individuals. Given the importance of worker productivity to the economy, even small effects may translate into large losses when aggregated across the economy. As a result, these analyses have important implications for the design of ozone and climate change policy as well as their distributional effects. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The primary goal of environmental regulations is to protect human health, and current regulations require understanding the full range of the health impacts of pollution. By examining the impact of environmental conditions on the productivity of agricultural workers, our project provides a succinct summary measure of the impacts of multiple morbidity channels that are typically overlooked in the analyses and design of environmental policy.