Cardiovascular Knowledge, Risk Perception & Actual Risk in HIV-infected Patients

描述（由申请人提供）：心血管疾病（CVD）是HIV感染者死亡的主要原因。与未感染艾滋病毒的个体相比，感染艾滋病毒的患者急性心肌梗死的发病率更高，年龄更小。迄今为止，没有研究调查艾滋病毒感染患者是否意识到这种增加的风险。此外，还没有研究探索这一人群的风险因素知识水平。对未感染艾滋病毒的成年人的研究表明，对心血管危险因素的了解显著影响风险感知。此外，认为自己处于高风险的个体可能更愿意改变消极的健康行为。因此，知识和风险感知是影响个体采取健康行为意愿和降低患心脏病风险的重要因素。因此，本研究的目的是描述艾滋病毒感染成人队列中的心血管危险因素知识和心血管疾病风险感知。本研究的具体目的是：1)检验心血管危险因素知识对hiv感染者心血管疾病感知风险的影响；2.)描述，a.)使用Framingham风险评估工具的心血管疾病的实际风险，b.)心血管疾病的感知风险，以及c.)艾滋病毒感染成人心血管危险因素的知识水平；3.)描述hiv感染者CVD的实际风险和感知风险之间的关系。将从东北两家医院的艾滋病毒诊所招募90名感染艾滋病毒的男女样本。本研究将采用健康信念模型作为指导。描述性统计、线性回归和相关统计将用于检查这些关系。希望从这项研究中获得的知识将导致有针对性的干预措施的发展，这将有助于减少艾滋病毒感染者的心脏病。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a leading cause of death in patients infected with HIV. HIV-infected patients experience higher rates of acute myocardial infarction and at younger ages compared to individuals without HIV infection. To date, no studies have examined whether HIV-infected patients are aware of this increased risk. In addition, no studies have explored the level of risk factor knowledge in this population. Research in adults without HIV infection suggests that knowledge of cardiovascular risk factors significantly influences perception of risk. Additionally, individuals who perceive themselves to be at high risk may be more willing to change negative health behaviors. Therefore, knowledge and risk perception are important factors influencing an individual's willingness to adopt healthy behaviors and reduce their risk of developing heart disease. Thus, the purpose of this study is to describe cardiovascular risk factor knowledge and CVD risk perception in a cohort of HIV-infected adults. The specific aims of this study are to: 1.) examine the influence of cardiovascular risk factor knowledge on perceived risk of cardiovascular disease in a sample of HIV-infected patients; 2.) describe, a.) the actual risk of cardiovascular disease using the Framingham Risk Assessment Tool, b.) the perceived risk of cardiovascular disease, and c.) the level of cardiovascular risk factor knowledge in HIV- infected adults; and 3.) describe the relationship between actual and perceived risk of CVD in HIV-infected persons. A sample of 90 HIV-infected men and women will be recruited from two hospital-based HIV clinics in the Northeast. The Health Belief Model will be used to guide this study. Descriptive statistics, linear regression, and correlation statistics will be used to examine these relationships. It is hoped that the knowledge gained from this study will lead to the development of targeted interventions that will help reduce heart disease in HIV- infected individuals.