Alcohol Use Trajectories of Latino Immigrants during their First Decade in the US

 描述（由申请人提供）：随着拉丁美洲移民在美国（US）的时间增加，他们经常和有问题的酒精使用的升级是一个有据可查但不太清楚的现象。有证据表明，与文化适应过程相关的文化因素的变化，例如保护性文化价值观的减弱，是造成这种健康危害行为增加的部分原因。本研究的首要目标是研究社会决定因素的变化如何与各种文化机制（即，文化习俗、文化价值观、文化认同）对 在美国的第一个十年期间，早期成年的拉丁美洲移民的前到后移民酒精使用轨迹。拟议的研究建立在我们最近的拉丁美洲移民研究（RLIS）（P20 MD 002288; PI：德拉罗萨）的基础上，通过从原始RLIS样本中收集额外的3个年度数据波。RLIS是第一个前瞻性队列研究，记录了早期成年拉丁裔移民的移民前饮酒行为，以及移民后促成这些轨迹的潜在社会决定因素。基线数据收集了过去一年内移民到美国的527名早期成年拉丁美洲人的回顾性移民前信息。两次随访，间隔12个月，收集移民后的数据。我们的研究结果显示，随着时间的推移，女性饮酒量增加（男性变化不大）的典型模式，而不是有记录的（但不是无记录的）男性饮酒量减少，女性没有显着变化。结果显示，各种社会因素之间的关联作为潜在的风险/保护因素的涵化压力和酒精的使用。总的来说，这些结果表明，至少对于拉丁美洲移民的一些子集来说，随着他们在美国的时间增加，酒精使用的众所周知的升级可能不会持续。未来的研究需要确定风险/保护性社会决定因素如何与各种文化机制相互作用，以影响男性和女性最近的拉丁美洲移民中不同的移民前到移民后的酒精使用模式，因为他们在美国的时间增加。拟议研究的目的是：1）研究移民前到移民后风险/保护性社会决定因素的变化如何影响男性和女性早期成年拉丁裔移民的酒精使用轨迹，2）确定文化机制如何影响男性和女性早期成年拉丁裔移民的酒精使用轨迹，3）确定文化机制对移民前到移民后社会决定因素变化与成年早期男性和女性拉丁裔移民酒精使用轨迹之间关系的调节作用。认识到文化机制影响拉丁美洲移民饮酒模式的个人和社会背景是制定有效和文化上适当的干预措施的关键一步， 针对相关的脆弱性因素，并利用这一人群中的关键保护因素。

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The escalation of regular and problematic alcohol use among Latino immigrants as their time in the United States (US) increases is a well-documented but not well-understood phenomenon. Evidence suggests that shifts in cultural factors related to the acculturation process, such as a waning of protective cultural values, are partially responsible for rises in such health compromising behaviors. The overarching aim of the present study is to examine how changes in social determinants interact with various cultural mechanisms (i.e., cultural practices, cultural values, cultural identifications) to impact pre- to post-immigration alcohol use trajectories of early adult recent Latino immigrants during their first decade in the US. The proposed study builds upon our Recent Latino Immigrant Study (RLIS) (P20MD002288; PI: De La Rosa) by collecting an additional 3 annual waves of data from the original RLIS sample. The RLIS was the first prospective cohort study to document the pre-immigration alcohol use behaviors of early adult recent Latino immigrants, as well as the underlying social determinants contributing to these trajectories after immigration. Baseline data collected retrospective pre- immigration information from 527 early adult Latinos who had immigrated to the US within the last year. Two follow-ups, 12 months apart, collected post-immigration data. Rather than indicating typical patterns of increased alcohol use among women (and little change in men) over time, our findings revealed decreases in alcohol use for documented (but not undocumented) men with no significant change in women. Results revealed associations between various social determinants as potential risk/protective factors of acculturative stress and alcohol use. Collectively, these outcomes suggest that, for at least some subsets of Latino immigrants, the well-known escalation of alcohol use as their time in the US increases may not hold. There is a need for future research that identifies how risk/protective social determinants interact with various cultural mechanisms to impact distinct pre- to post-immigration alcohol use patterns among male and female recent Latino immigrants as their time in the US increases. The aims of the proposed study are to: 1) Examine how changes in pre- to post-immigration risk/protective social determinants impact alcohol use trajectories among male and female early adult Latino immigrants, 2) Identify how cultural mechanisms impact the alcohol use trajectories of male and female early adult Latino immigrants, 3) Determine the moderating role of cultural mechanisms on the relationship between changes in pre- to post-immigration social determinants and alcohol use trajectories among male and female Latino immigrants during early adulthood. Recognizing the personal and social contexts in which cultural mechanisms influence alcohol use patterns among Latino immigrants is a critical step in developing effective and culturally appropriate interventions that target associated vulnerability factors and take advantage of key protective factors in this population.