Portable, highly accurate scanning system for geomechanical structures

哈钦森和Diederichs所要求的激光扫描设备将对最近在女王大学地质工程系建立的新的岩土成像和传感实验室作出重大贡献。这些设备将由研究生在他们的研究项目中使用，并由本科生通过NSERC USRA与申请人一起资助研究工作。所要求的设备将提供极为宝贵的数据集，供申请人的研究方案广泛使用。从第三方获取这些数据是非常昂贵的。 所要求的激光扫描设备将用于在很短的时间内（高达500 000个数据点/秒）生成地质力学结构三维几何形状的测量级精确图像（分辨率为1/1000度），该设备位于距离物体1米至1公里以上的任何地方。使用该设备扫描的地质力学结构包括斜坡和隧道。申请人哈钦森需要了解斜坡的详细几何形状和坡脚的基础设施，以进行斜坡破坏和风险评估的研究。申请人Diederichs要求在施工期间隧道内部的详细几何形状，以检查隧道破坏机制和变形速率。勘测将定期进行，以提供一系列图像：就斜坡而言，勘测可能每年进行数次，而就隧道而言，勘测可能每月进行数次，每次勘测将涵盖多天的隧道掘进机推进序列。当比较时，图像序列提供了隧道或斜坡的几何形状和速率变形的非常精确的测量，以及任何失效和分离材料的源和沉积区的测量。两个申请人都将使用扫描仪收集的数据，并使用拟议的软件进行分析，以校准用于模拟和评估未来结构预期行为的数值模型。

The laser scanning equipment requested by Hutchinson and Diederichs will be a significant and important contribution to the new Geotechnical Imaging and Sensing Laboratory recently established in the Geological Engineering Department at Queen's University. The equipment will be used by graduate students in their research programs, and by undergraduate students through NSERC USRA funded research work with the applicants. The equipment requested will provide exceptionally valuable sets of data to be used extensively in the applicants' research programs. Acquisition of this data from third parties is prohibitively expensive.     The laser scanning equipment requested will be used to generate a survey-grade, precise image of the three dimensional geometry of geomechanical structures (to a resolution of 1/1000 degree), when located at a distance of anywhere from a meter to over a kilometer away from the object, in a very short time frame (up to 500,000 data points / second). The geomechanical structures to be scanned using this equipment include slopes and tunnels. Applicant Hutchinson requires knowledge of the detailed geometry of slopes, and the infrastructure at the toe of slopes, to conduct research on slope failure and risk assessment. Applicant Diederichs requires the detailed geometry of the interior of tunnels during construction, to examine tunnel failure mechanisms and deformation rates. The surveys will be carried out on a regular basis to provide a sequence of images: in the case of slopes, the surveys will likely be carried out several times a year, and in the case of tunnels, the surveys will likely be carried out several times a month, and will each cover multi-day tunnel boring machine advance sequences. When compared, the sequence of images provides a very precise measure of the geometry and rate deformation of the tunnel or slope, and of the source and deposition zone of any failed and detached material. Both applicants will use the data, collected with the scanner, and analysed using the proposed software, to calibrate numerical models used to simulate and assess the expected behaviour of structures in the future.