Modeling electromagnetic emission and susceptibility problems in power transmission-line networks

对高质量和可靠电力的需求不断增加，以及采用电力基础设施的新的宽带数据传输技术的出现，提出了重要的电磁兼容性(EMC)问题。EMC专家主要关注与电力传输和配电系统有关的两个问题：有害的电磁发射和对外部电磁能量来源的敏感性。首先，宽带数据的传输，如互联网，在非屏蔽的低压和中压电力线上传输，这些电力线主要不是为这种应用而设计的，这导致了不受控制的辐射发射。其次，输配电网络，特别是输电线路，很容易受到来自外部来源的瞬变电磁辐射的影响。间接雷击被认为是这种能量的重要来源之一，这种能量可以在架空线路和地下电缆中产生过电压。对传输宽带数据的电力线的雷电感应过电压和电磁辐射的模拟具有共同的理论背景。它们都需要准确而有效的电磁场在有耗介质中传播的模型。这项研究的目的是开发各种技术和高频模型来模拟电力系统传输线网络中的电磁发射和敏感性问题。对输电线路参数的频率相关性进行建模，在模型中包含接地损耗，以及用于准确和有效地计算雷电感应电磁场的集成宏观模型是使问题变得困难的区别特征，但由于它们对模拟结果的准确性和所开发技术的效率有重大影响，因此是必要的。

Increasing demand for high-quality and reliable electric power, as well as the advent of new broadband data transmission technologies that employ the electric-power infrastructure have raised important Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) issues. EMC specialists are essentially concerned with two problems involving power transmission and distribution systems: undesired electromagnetic emissions, and susceptibility to external sources of electromagnetic energy. Firstly, transmission of broadband data, such as Internet, over unshielded low- and medium-voltage power lines which have not been primarily designed for this application results in uncontrolled radiated emission. Secondly, power transmission and distribution networks, especially transmission lines, are vulnerable to transient electromagnetic radiation emitted from external sources. Indirect lightning strikes are considered one of the important sources of such energy that can induce over-voltages in overhead lines and underground cables. Simulation of lightning-induced over-voltages and electromagnetic emissions from power lines carrying broadband data share a common theoretical background. They both require accurate and efficient models for the propagation of electromagnetic fields in lossy media. The proposed research aims at developing various techniques and high-frequency models for simulating electromagnetic emission and susceptibility problems experienced in power-system transmission-line networks. Modeling the frequency dependence of the transmission-line parameters, the inclusion of ground loss within the models, and integrated macro-models for accurate and efficient calculation of lightning-induced electromagnetic fields are the distinguishing features that make the problem difficult but are necessary because of their significant impact on the accuracy of the simulation results and the efficiency of the developed techniques.