Programming peer-owned open distributed systems

像互联网这样的对等开放分布式系统为解决问题提供了机遇和挑战。 一个重要的机会来自物理连接与几乎无限数量的各种资源，可能达到无限的计算能力;一个显着的（非功能）的困难来源，在编写软件的执行环境来自不确定性ofcommunication延迟，这导致分布式控制和协调的挑战。 有必要克服挑战，并建立利用机会的机制。 我们的方法是封装分布式计算表示为多代理系统，连同thesourcesare提供给他们，在（分布式）所有权声明称为cyberorgs。 封装的资源可以包括系统资源，如处理器周期和网络带宽，或应用程序资源，如访问用户的邮箱或显示屏幕空间，每个都在时间和空间中定义。 所有权由买方和卖方网络组织之间协商的合同保证。 为了支持这种分布式系统的工程，我们将资源所有权和控制关注点与功能关注点分开，允许每一个单独编码。 事实证明，这种分离可以实现在两个系统以及应用程序级别，从而在我们的方法的广泛适用性。我们期望在这项工作中产生重要的结果。 一方面，这项工作将增强我们对使用对等开放分布式系统作为可靠环境进行分布式计算的挑战以及克服这些挑战的方法的理解。 另一方面，它将提供工程设计这样的系统和评估其性能的原则，机制和工具。

Peer-owned open distributed systems such as the Internet offer both challenges as well as opportunities forsolving problems.  An important opportunity comes from physical connectivity with virtually limitless amounts of diverse resources, potentially amounting to unbounded computational power; a significant (non-functional)source of difficulty in writing software for such execution environments comes from the uncertainty ofcommunication delays, which leads to challenges in distributed control and coordination.  There is a need to overcome the challenges as well as to have mechanisms for availing of opportunities.  Our approach is to encapsulate distributed computations represented as multi-agent systems, together with theresources that are available to them, in (distributed) ownership encapsulations called cyberorgs.  Theencapsulated resources can include system resources such as processor cycles and network bandwidth, orapplication resources such as access to a user's mailbox or display screen space, each defined in time andspace.  Ownership is guaranteed by contracts negotiated between buyer and seller cyberorgs.   To support engineering of such distributed systems, we separate resource ownership and control concerns fromfunctional concerns, allowing each to be coded separately.  It turns out that this separation can be achieved atboth system as well as application levels, resulting in a wide applicability of our approach.We expect important results to be produced in this work.  On the one hand, this work will enhance ourunderstanding of challenges in using peer-owned open distributed systems as reliable environments forcarrying out distributed computations, and approaches to overcome them.  On the other hand, it will offerprinciples, mechanisms and tools for engineering such systems and evaluating their performance.