High-pressure cell for physical property determination

材料的物理性质随着周围条件的变化而发生相当大的变化：温度降低时，金属可以成为超导体;磁场增加时，超导性可以被抑制;压力增加时，绝缘体可以成为金属。在过去几十年中，人们对材料物理性质的新认识可以追溯到新技术，这些技术允许探索极端温度，磁场和压力的领域。可以说，压力探测落后于极端温度，甚至落后于（更专业的）磁场研究，主要是因为技术困难。该提案的目的是资助能够在压力高达3 GPa和温度低至2 K的条件下确定材料电性能的设备。

Physical properties of materials change considerably as the conditions around them change: on lowering temperature, metals can become superconductors; on increasing magnetic field, superconductivity can be suppressed; on increasing pressure, insulators can become metals. The new understanding of physical properties of materials gained over the last several decades can be traced to new technologies that have allowed exploration of the domains of extremes of temperature, magnetic fields and pressure. It can be argued that pressure exploration has lagged behind extreme temperatures and even behind (the somewhat more specialized) magnetic field studies, largely because of technological difficulties. The purpose of this proposal is to fund equipment that will allow determination of electrical properties of materials at pressures up to 3 GPa, and temperatures down to 2 K.