Catchment hydrology and the stream environment

水温是影响水生生态系统的重要物理因素之一。它直接控制物种的分布，以及生物、生化和化学过程的速率。河流温度反映了气象和水文过程的相互影响，而河流温度模式可能受到土地利用和气候变异和变化的影响。以前的许多研究都集中在气象对水温的控制上，但最近的研究表明，水文过程是重要的。这项研究的目的是提高我们对河流温度的水文控制的认识，为预测未来气候变化、土地利用和冰川衰退的影响提供更完整的基础。实地研究还将使用热量预算方法来检查河床和河岸上的水交换在有记录和未记录地区的陡峭源头溪流中的作用，以评估它们相对于其他过程的重要性。此外，还将评估水池的影响，这是小而陡峭的溪流中的常见特征。地下水对河流温度模式的影响将通过比较两段河流的热量收支来评估，这两段河流的热量收支主要是根据地下水排放的影响而不同的。实地工作还将侧重于冰川下游的水流温度变化与天气和水流流量变化的关系。

Stream temperature is one of the most important physical factors influencing aquatic ecosystems. It directly controls species distribution, as well as rates of biological, biochemical and chemical processes. Stream temperatures reflect the interacting effects of meteorological and hydrologic processes, and stream temperature patterns can be influenced by land use and climatic variability and change. Much previous research has focused on the meteorological controls on stream temperature, but recent studies have shown that hydrologic processes are important. The objective of this research is to improve our understanding of the hydrologic controls on stream temperature to provide a more complete basis for predicting the effects of future climate change, land use and glacier recession. Field studies will  use a heat budget approach to examine the roles of water exchanges across the stream bed and banks in steep headwater streams in logged and unlogged areas to evaluate their importance relative to other processes. In addition, the effects of pools, which are common features in small, steep streams, will be evaluated. The effects of groundwater on stream temperature patterns will be assessed by comparing the heat budgets of two sections of a stream that differ mainly in terms of the influence of groundwater discharge. Field work will also focus on stream temperature variability downstream of glaciers in relation to variations in weather and stream discharge.