Physical user interfaces communication of information and affect

在真实的世界中，触觉对交流至关重要。相比之下，我们与日常现代技术的交流在触觉上是贫乏的;我们被隔离到一种程度，以至于身体变得不自然，带来了实际和美学的后果。在相关的进化中，复杂和普遍的人机系统在汽车驾驶舱和手持设备等领域的传播使信息过载，不断中断成为一种生活方式。 使用基于心理学的设计将触觉嵌入到世界中，既可以恢复在日常生活的计算机化中丢失的东西，也可以设计新一代界面，以尊重和保护日益宝贵的资源，人类的注意力。因此，我的研究计划的统一目标是在更广泛的通信背景下考虑触觉反馈，人类对机器或由机器介导的其他人类。拟议的研究有三个部分： 1)触觉图标的感知设计方法。 我的小组过去和正在进行的心理物理学实验集中在揭示基础，将支持一个新的，抽象的触觉图像设计。我们将使用这些数据来开发一种新的程序实验/分析技术，以有效地生成可区分的和有意义的触觉图标集。 2)用于系统共享控制的触觉引导。在我们最近获得的知识，在驾驶类环境中的触觉指导技术的基础上，我们将继续开发和探索的可能性和机制，在一个新的测试平台环境中，基于乐器控制的触觉介导的，用户/系统控制共享。 3)情感的双向触觉交流。我们将使用最近完成的测试环境和初步结果，以实验方式建立不同的通信模式的基本属性。

Touch is crucial to communication in the real world. In contrast, our exchanges with everyday modern technology are haptically impoverished; we are insulated to an extent that physicality has come to feel unnatural, with practical and aesthetic consequences. In a related evolution, the spread of complex and pervasive human-machine systems into areas like automobile cockpits and handheld devices has made information overload and the constant interruptions a way of life.       Using psychophysically grounded design to embed haptics in the world is a path both to restoring what has been lost in the computerization of daily life, and to a new generation of interfaces designed with the goal of respecting and preserving that increasingly precious resource, human attention. The unifying goal of my research program is thus to consider haptic feedback in the broader context of communication, humans to machines or to other humans mediated by a machine. The proposed research has three parts:      1) Methodology for Perceptual Design of Haptic Icons.  My group's past and ongoing psychophysics experimentation has centered on revealing the foundation that will support the design of a new, abstract haptic iconography. We will use this data to develop a new procedural experimental/analytical technique to efficiently generate distinguishable and meaningful sets of haptic icons.      2) Haptic Guidance for Shared Control of Systems. Building on our recently gained knowledge in techniques for haptic guidance in driving-like contexts, we will continue to develop and explore possibilities and mechanisms for haptically-mediated, user/system control sharing in a new testbed environment based on musical instrument control.      3) Bidirectional Haptic Communication of Affect. We will use recently completed test environments and initial results to experimentally establish essential attributes of different communication modalities.