The role of dietary protein on weight loss and body composition in men and women with insulin resistance

肥胖是社区中一个日益严重的问题，并与高血压、高胆固醇和甘油三酯、糖尿病、心脏病和癌症的发病率增加有关。虽然传统的减肥饮食建议是低脂肪、高碳水化合物和高纤维饮食，但媒体和普通民众对替代饮食非常感兴趣，这种饮食的特点是碳水化合物减少，饮食中剩余的蛋白质或蛋白质和脂肪的混合物。不幸的是，几乎没有公布的数据来指导卫生专业人员在这一领域的决策，而且对这种信息的需求很大。我们计划进行两项大型减肥研究，重点是高蛋白饮食，一项是用蛋白质交换碳水化合物并保持脂肪不变，另一项是用蛋白质交换脂肪来保持碳水化合物不变。我们将评估高蛋白饮食是否减缓了随着体重减轻而出现的代谢率下降，以及它是否避免了一些不可避免的肌肉质量损失。我们还将测量高蛋白饮食是否能改善已经因肥胖和高胰岛素水平而面临糖尿病和心脏病风险的人的葡萄糖代谢。

Obesity is an increasing problem in the community and is associated with an increased incidence of high blood pressure, high cholesterol and triglycerides, diabetes, heart disease and cancer. Although conventional dietary advice for weight loss is a low fat high carbohydrate and high fibre diet there is a very strong interest in the media and the general population in alternative diets that feature reduced carbohydrate with the remainder of the diet either protein or a mixture of protein and fat. Unfortunately there is very little published data to guide the decisions of health professionals in this area and there is a strong demand for such information. We plan to perform 2 large weight loss studies which focus on high protein diets with one exchanging protein for carbohydrate and keeping fat constant and the second exchanging protein for fat keeping carbohydrate constant. We will assess whether the high protein diets blunt the decrease in metabolic rate that occurs with weight loss, and whether it spares some of the inevitable loss of muscle mass. We will also measure whether high protein diets improve glucose metabolism in people already at risk of diabetes and heart disease because of their obesity and high insulin levels.