Effective manipulation of fatty acid profiles in pork products aimed at enhancing the contribution of pork to human health

加拿大猪肉产业是加拿大经济的重要贡献者。农场大门的销售额估计为每年35亿美元，猪肉行业对加拿大出口的贡献每年超过28亿美元。出口占加拿大猪肉产量的一半以上。加拿大猪肉产业要保持国际竞争力，猪肉质量的改善至关重要，应探索新的增值猪肉产品机会。拟议研究的总体目标是制定饲养策略，以具有成本效益的方式生产增值猪肉产品，在不损害屠体和肉类质量的情况下，含有可预测和统一水平的有益脂肪酸，从而为消费者提供健康益处。将进行营养代谢研究，以提高将有益的？-3脂肪酸--特别是具有生物效力的二十碳五烯酸(EPA；C20：5？-3)和二十二碳六烯酸(DHA；C22：6？-3)-添加到猪肉产品中的效率。将进行一项猪生产性能研究，以评估不同猪肉产品(腰排、烟熏火腿、培根、香肠)的动物生产力和肉类质量，包括使用经过训练的品尝小组进行感官评估，这些猪暴露在不同的饲养策略中，旨在最大化猪肉中亚麻酸(ALA，C18：3？-3)、DHA和EPA的含量。富含关键？-3脂肪酸的猪肉产品，特别是具有生物效力的EPA和DHA，将解决加拿大人长期摄入不适宜的必需脂肪酸的问题，并为消费者提供重要的健康益处。后者将直接解决向加拿大人提供医疗保健的高昂成本问题。假设由于心脏病和骨骼疾病或癌症发病率的降低，由于有益的？-3脂肪酸的消费增加，加拿大的医疗成本减少了0.01%，那么这意味着每年至少为加拿大社会节省1200万美元。更好地了解饮食对摄入的亚麻酸(ALA，C18：3？-3)转化为EPA和DHA的影响，可能对加拿大人从广泛的饮食来源中推荐使用ALA具有一定的意义。

The Canadian pork industry is an important contributor to the Canadian economy. Farm gate sales are estimated at $3.5 billion per year and the contribution of the pork industry to Canadian exports exceeds $2.8 billion per year. Export accounts for more than half of Canadian pork production. For the Canadian pork industry to remain internationally competitive, improvements in pork meat quality are critical and new opportunities for value-added pork products should be explored. The overall aim of proposed research is to develop feeding strategies for cost-effective production of value-added pork products that contain predictable and uniform levels of beneficial ?-3 fatty acids without compromising carcass and meat quality, thereby providing health benefits to the consumer. Nutrient metabolism studies will be conducted to improve the efficiency of incorporating beneficial ?-3 fatty acids - especially biologically potent eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA; C20:5?-3) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA; C22:6?-3) - into pork products. A pig performance study will be conducted to evaluate animal productivity and aspects of meat quality in different pork products (loin chops, smoked ham, bacon, sausages), including sensory evaluation using a trained taste panel, from pigs that are exposed to different feeding strategies aimed at maximizing linolenic acid (ALA, C18:3?-3), DHA and EPA content in pork. Pork products that are enriched with key ?-3 fatty acids, especially biologically potent EPA and DHA, will address the chronic sub-optimal intake of essential fatty acids by Canadians, and provide important health benefits to consumers. The latter will address directly the high costs of providing health care to Canadians. Assuming that due the reduced incidence of heart and bone disease or cancer, because of increased consumption of beneficial ?-3 fatty acids, health care costs in Canada are reduced by 0.01%, then this represents annual savings of at least $12 million to Canadian society. An improved understanding of diet effects on the conversion of ingested linolenic acid (ALA, C18:3?-3) to EPA and DHA can have implications for recommended use of ALA from a wide range of dietary sources by Canadians.