Real-time hybrid psedodynamic testing system

试验测试对于了解结构在极端载荷条件下的行为是必不可少的，这将导致更安全的结构的设计和建造。例如，通过引入适当设计的辅助减震装置(例如，弹性阻尼器和磁流变阻尼器)，可以减轻地震事件期间对结构和非结构构件的破坏。为了能够广泛使用这些载荷率相关的装置，有必要开发基于性能的设计规范，这需要通过配备这些装置的结构的实时试验来了解结构的性能。为此，可以采用实时PSD和混合PSD测试方法，其中，在后一种方法中，仅对关键部件进行物理测试，并且在计算机中对结构的其余部分进行建模。在实时测试中，需要快速操作液压执行器不可避免地会带来控制问题；除非时间延迟(由于执行器响应时间、通信、计算时间等)。如果准确补偿，就有可能出现精度和稳定性问题。挑战包括对引入可变时延的多个执行器的精确控制，分析子结构的代表性建模及其实时执行，以及缺乏标准化工具来确定实时测试结果的质量。这些挑战需要大量的专门研究计划和一套适当的设备。申请人具备在这一领域进行进一步调查的必要背景和经验，所要求的实时混合PSD测试系统的设备灵活且具有成本效益。通过使申请者小组能够进行协调的分析和实验研究，其中一个小组的观察结果和结果将立即用于修改另一个小组的重点(如有必要)，所要求的设备将加快改进实时测试方法的进展。通过向结构工程师提供经过实验验证的增强测试方法，拟议的计划旨在为下一代结构的设计和理解做出贡献。

Experimental testing is essential for understanding the behavior of structures under extreme loading conditions which leads to the design and construction of safer structures. For example, by introducing properly designed supplemental damping devices (e.g., elastomeric and magnetorheological dampers), it is possible to mitigate the damage to the structural and nonstructural elements during a seismic event. To enable widespread use of these load-rate dependent devices, it is necessary to develop performance-based design codes, which require knowledge of structural performance from real-time tests of structures equipped with these devices. Real-time PSD and hybrid PSD testing methods can be employed for this purpose, where in the latter method only the critical components are physically tested and the remaining part of the structure is modeled in a computer. In real-time testing, the need to operate hydraulic actuators at fast rates inevitably brings along control issues; and unless the time delays (due to actuator response time, communication, computing time, etc.) are accurately compensated, accuracy and stability problems are likely to occur. The challenges include accurate control of multiple actuators that introduce variable time delay, representative modeling of the analytical substructure and its execution in real-time, and the lack of a standardized tool to establish the quality of real-time test results. These challenges require a substantial program of dedicated research with an appropriate set of equipments. The applicant has the necessary background and experience to conduct further investigations in this area, and the requested equipment for real-time hybrid PSD testing system is flexible and cost-effective. By enabling the applicant's group to conduct coordinated analytical and experimental research, where the observations and results from one will be immediately used to modify (if necessary) the focus of the other, the requested equipment will expedite the progress on the way to enhance the real-time testing methods. By presenting the structural engineers with experimentally validated, enhanced testing methodologies, the proposed program aims to contribute to the design and understanding of next generation structures.