Improving the performance of greenhouse gas reducing tools

作为长期目标，该研究开发可持续的有机废物和废水回收技术，例如减少温室气体排放（GGE）。除了其他相关项目外，两个即将开展的主要项目的目标是改善：堆肥的可行性，以将100%的有机废物从垃圾填埋场转移，以及用于甲烷氧化的生物过滤器，以增加畜牧业企业和旧垃圾填埋场的使用。第一个主要项目将调查食物垃圾源分离（SS-FW）的优势，与城市固体废物（OF-MSW）中的有机部分进行机械分类相比，在合作范围内开始：2000年与蒙特利尔高原的Tournesol堆肥中心，培训3名本科生和1名M。2004年，与法国Rennes Cemagref合作，主办了100万名学生。硕士和1名博士学生2007-09博士学位学生将返回麦吉尔大学，在受控实验室条件下研究SS-FW和OF-MSW的污染水平和堆肥可行性（处理时间、通风要求、GGE、产品质量和稳定性）。因此，市政当局可以选择最佳的分离方法，以提高昂贵的堆肥设施的可行性。继续2004- 2006年与加拿大农业和农业食品部的合作，第二个主要项目涉及甲烷氧化生物过滤器，并通过研究甲烷从空气流转移到生物过滤器水膜的速度（一个限制过程）对其进行改进。该速率将在实验室中在各种条件下使用已知表面积的惰性介质模拟生物过滤器进行研究。该气体传递函数将被添加到现有的甲烷生物过滤微生物模型中，并使用2004-06年与AAC收集的现场数据进行校准和验证。研究结果可用于优化生物滤塔的甲烷氧化工艺，降低其应用成本。2009-14年计划的两个主要优先事项将有助于减少来自两个重要来源的GGE，农业和垃圾填埋场，占加拿大所有排放量的1%和3%。该项目的目标是减缓地球变暖趋势，并为适应措施留出更多时间。

As long term objective, this research develops sustainable technologies for recycling organic waste and wastewaters, such as reducing greenhouse gas emissions (GGE). Besides other related projects, the objectives of the two main upcoming projects are to improve: composting feasibility to divert 100% of the organic waste from landfills, and; biofilters for CH4 oxidizing to increase their use by livestock enterprises and old landfills. The first main project will investigate the advantages of source separating food waste (SS-FW) compared to mechanically sorting the organic fraction from municipal solid wastes (OF-MSW), within the collaboration started: in 2000 with the Tournesol composting centre of the Montreal Plateau, training 3 undergraduate and 1 M. Sc. students, and; in 2004 with the Rennes Cemagref, France, hosting 1 M. Sc. and 1 Ph. D. student from 2007-09. The Ph. D. student will return to McGill to research SS-FW and OF-MSW for contamination levels and for composting feasibility (treatment time, ventilation requirements, GGE, product quality and stabilization) under controlled laboratory conditions. Thus, municipalities can select the best type of separation method to improve the feasibility of costly composting facilities. Continuing the 2004-06 collaboration with Agriculture and Agro-Food Canada (AAC), the second main project involves biofilters for CH4 oxidation and their improvement by studying the rate of CH4 transfer from the air stream to the biofilter water films, a limiting process. This rate will be investigated in the laboratory under various conditions and using an inert medium of known surface area simulating the biofilter. This gas transfer function will be added to an existing methane biofiltration microbial model, to be calibrated and validated with field data collected in 2004-06 with AAC. The results will be used to optimize the CH4 oxidation of biofilters and lower its application cost. The two main priorities of the 2009-14 program will help reduce GGE from two important sources, agriculture and landfill sites, responsible for 1 and 3% of all Canadian emissions. The project targets a world wide priority aimed at slowing earth warming trends and allowing more time for adaptation measures.