connections between active galactic nuclei and galaxy bulges

在一个星系中心，物质螺旋进入超大质量黑洞的吸积盘中的湍流磁摩擦可以导致下落的物质升温并发出我们所看到的活动星系核（AGN）的光。这个过程究竟是如何工作的还不清楚，但各种各样的论点确实表明，从吸积盘发射的风将带走角动量，并允许物质落入黑洞。这些风影响星系的形成和发展，并将富含金属的气体分配到星系际空间。现在需要的是将成千上万个活动星系核的光学和紫外特性与风模型的预测进行详细的比较。了解哪种风再现了观测结果将有助于完善理论风模型，并提高我们从活动星系核的可观测参数推断其基本物理参数的能力。更好地了解活动星系核风将导致更好地了解活动星系核和星系如何受到活动星系核反馈的影响。

Turbulent magnetic friction in an accretion disk of matter spiralling into a supermassive black hole at the center of a galaxy can cause the infalling matter to heat up and give off the light we see as an Active Galactic Nucleus (AGN). Exactly how this process works is not understood, but various lines of argument do suggest that a wind launched from the accretion disk will carry away angular momentum and allow matter to fall into the black hole. These winds affect the formation and development of galaxies and distribute metal-enriched gas into intergalactic space. What is needed now is a detailed comparison of the optical and ultraviolet properties of thousands of AGN with wind model predictions. Knowing which kinds of winds reproduce the observations will help refine theoretical wind models and improve our ability to infer the fundamental physical parameters of AGN from their observable parameters. Better understanding of AGN winds will lead to better understanding of AGN and of how galaxies have been influenced by AGN feedback.